十八世紀工業化、都市化以來，各先進國家乃藉由推展社區組織及社
區發展工作來培養基層社區之自助與互助能力。我國文建會與環保署亦紛
紛提出社區營造等相關政策，迄今已有十多年之久，受到各界熱烈響應與
討論。本研究主要目的在於探討環保署所推動的「清淨家園計畫」及「社
區環境改造計畫」的環境效應，研究主體為具執行前述計畫經驗之高雄縣
路竹鄉竹滬與鴨寮社區，並輔以不具前述執行計畫經驗之竹東與社中社區
作為比較對照之基準。本研究主要藉由問卷調查及社區領導人之深度訪
談，進一步分析與否具環保署相關計畫執行經驗之差異性，包括居民滿意
度、社區凝聚力及議題之形成方式等面向之探討。希冀能藉由本研究的分
析與結果，瞭解與探討社區的現況與差異，提供後續相關研究之參考。
研究結果顯示，曾經參與環保署相關計畫的社區環境民眾滿意度、凝
聚力以及推動相關活動等面向均優於不具執行經驗之社區。透過與社區領
導人深度訪談，發現多數社區於推動環境改造活動時，主要遇到之困難為
經費之不足以及私人土地取得之困難。此現象仍需政府相關單位之協助與
輔導，方能使社區營造之理念推廣至全國社區。 Community is a basic unit of people living. Community empowerment is
one of the most important element for community development. Hence Council
for Cultural Affairs (CCA) and Environmental Protection Administration (EPA)
have been implemented various policies to enhance community empowerment.
For example, environmental reforms of community (ERC) have been
implemented by EPA since 1997 and have received positive responses from
local communities.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the environmental performance of
environmental reforms implemented by Jhuhu commune, Yaliao commune,
Jhudong commune and Shejhong commune at Lujhu Township, Kaohsiung
County. Jhuhu commune andYaliao commune used to carry out ERC. On the
contrary, Jhudong commune and Shejhong commune have no experience of
ERC. The evaluation was conducted by both questionnaire and depth interview
to reflect various aspects including satisfaction questionnaire, community
consensus, community issues and so on. Based on the results of this work, it can
provide not only the current status of community empowerment but also the
important references in the future.
In terms of satisfaction questionnaire, community consensus and
community issues, the results indicated the communes with ERC superior to the
communes without ERC. The main difficulties in ERC were lack of budget and
insufficient land used. Overall, the contribution from governmental section still
plays a very important role in community empowerment. The further integration
of different sectors is the groundwork for success in community.
