This study aimed to compare clinical outcomes and adverse effects in septic patients with impaired renal function who received different dosages of cefoperazone-sulbactam (CFP-SUL 1 g/1 g or 2 g/2 g every 12 h). The retrospective study was conducted using the Chang Gung Research Database to include adult patients who had renal insufficiency presented with septicemia caused by Gram-negative organisms and had received CFP-SUL for more than 1 week. A total of 265 patients (44 in the CFP-SUL 1 g/1 g group and 221 in the CFP-SUL 2 g/2 g group) were eligible to be included in this study. After 1:3 propensity score matching, 41 and 123 patients in the CFP-SUL 1 g/1 g and CFP-SUL 2 g/2 g groups, respectively, were included for analyses. There were no significant between-group differences in all-cause mortality rates and adverse effects, including prolonged prothrombin time. A logistic regression model showed that the Pitt bacteremia score was related to all-cause mortality rate and prolonged prothrombin time was associated with renal replacement therapy. The adverse effects of CFP-SUL did not increase in septic patients with impaired renal function receiving CFP-SUL 2 g/2 g Q12H. However, this study may be underpowered to reveal a difference in all-cause mortality.
