The family Rutaceae (Sapindales) is distributed over temperate and sub-tropical regions, and more than 160 genuses belong to it. Among them, 13 genuses have been found in Taiwan. Severinia buxifolia, a small evergreen tree, is native to southern China and Taiwan. In previous pharmacological studies, S. buxifolia was reported to have cytotoxic, anti-bacterial, and antiviral activities. As results of earlier natural product researches, triterpenes, coumarins, acridones, and various phenolic compounds were considered as the major constituents of S. buxifolia. In our current investigation, the methanol-soluble layer of the twigs of S. buxifolia showed promising anti-inflammatory activity. The purification of S. buxifolia led to one new peroxyterpenyl coumarin (1) along with seventeen known compounds (2–18). The structures of these compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods, especially 2D NMR analyses.
