台灣位處歐亞板塊與菲律賓海板塊交界處,由於現今板塊交互作用(隱沒與碰撞)仍持續進行中,西南部的高屏地區相對於穩定中國大陸邊緣有達5 cm/yr之快速運動。旗山斷層為西南部的主要斷層,為農業大區、高師大燕巢校區、南二高中寮隧道皆在附近,近年有學者觀察到旗山斷層有再度活動之跡象。因此有必要瞭解斷層活動情形並加以進行加密監測分析。 本研究利用2001 - 2005年,對同一點位〈約31個衛星點〉重復觀測資料,其中2003年由本研究自行野外施測,另結合經濟部中央地質調查所2003、2004、2005年,中央研究院2001 - 2005年內及政部土地測量局2001年三等衛星點觀測資料。本研究取監測點自杉林鄉至大社鄉範圍為研究範圍,結合包含國外追蹤站TSKB 、USUD 、 WUHN 、國內追蹤站PKGM 、 KDNM站、成?大學站CK01及S01R站等觀測資料連續記錄衛星追蹤站,藉BERNESE 4 2版軟體按時段或每日解算各測點坐標 ,然後依序將各時段之變方-協變方矩陣累加以推求各測點相對於澎湖白沙S01R的運動速度。運用 GPS測網進行加密監測,依測得坐標變化與時、空關係分析斷層是否活動斷層區、斷層活動現象、應變時空變化及能量累積。 研究結果顯示: (1) 旗山斷層大部分監測點相對於澎湖白沙(S01R)各測站運 動速度為 28 - 51 mm/yr,方向 253° - 274°,取其平均可得 速度平均值為 43 mm/yr,平均方位角 263° (即在 83° 之方 向)。 (2)依速度場方向大部分向西位移,愈往西側測站位移速度 有減少的區勢且明顯的逆時針向西偏南位移。 (3)旗山斷層上盤之速度均較下盤為大,跨越旗山斷層有 9 5 mm/yr 之速度不連續,6 6 mm/yr 之右移分量,因此旗山 斷層為具有右移分量之逆衝斷層。 (4) 並且其中段與南段之活動性一致,以右移運動為主。 (5) 此區域 29 個小網最小主軸(壓縮)應變率為 - 0 13 ~ - 5 81 ustrain/yr,方向 28° - 180°;最大主軸 (伸張) 應變 率為 - 1 38 ~ 3 51 ustrain/yr;最小主軸應變率與最大主軸 應變率之加權平均值分別為 - 1 90 ustrain/yr 與 0 83 ustrain/yr,均壓縮方向為 106°。 Taiwan is located in the intersection between the Eurasia and the Philippine sea plates Because of the convergence between these two plates the surface horizontal velocities reach 5 cm/yr relative to the Chinese continental margin in southwest Taiwan The Chishan fault is the main active fault in this area pass though the district of agriculture and the Yanchao Campus of the Kao Shung Normal University In this study we used the annual GPS observations from 31 GPS stations collected between 2001 and 2005 the annual data from the Centeral Geological Survey between 2003 and 2005 and the third-order GPS data from the Ministry of Interior in 2001 to understand the activity of the Chishan faults We constrained the coordinateds and velocities of IGS continueous stations TSKB USUD WUHN PKGM KDNM CK01 and S01R to estimate the coordindates and velocities of the campaign mode stations by Bernese software version 4 2 The resultent GPS analyses show: (1)The velocities near the Chishan fault relative to the Paisha Penghu are 35-51 mm/yr azimuths 253°-274° The average velocity is 43 mm/yr with the azimuth of 263° (2)Most azimuths of station velocity vectors from east to west gradually rotate counterclockwise from south are to north (3)The magnitudes of velocities on the hanging wall are larger than these on the footwall A major velocity discontinuity of about 9 5 mm/yr is detected across the Chishan fault (4)The motion of the middle segmentt of the Chishan fault and the southern segment of this fault is right-lateral (5)The moderate to significant contraction rates of -0 13 ~ -5 81 μstrain/yr in 28°-180° are observed for 29 subnets in this area The maximum principal strain rate is -1 38-3 51 μstrain/yr The minimum strain rate and the maximum strain rate are -1 90 μstrain/yr and 0 83 μstrain/yr in 106°