| 摘要: | 青春痘是一種常見的毛囊皮脂腺慢性炎症。當皮脂分泌過度旺盛時，痤瘡桿菌會迅速增加並釋放酵素與化學趨化物，引發發炎反應，之後可能導致疤痕產生。如要控制面皰和粉刺，就必須抑制痤瘡桿菌、降低皮脂、減輕發炎反應並減少疤痕形成。藉著天然精油具有的抗菌、抗氧化特質和低副作用性，本研究將針對以抗菌、抗氧化和抗發炎試驗分析六種唇型花科植物精油於改善青春痘之生物活性。
在抑菌作用方面，利用培養液稀釋法(Broth dilution method)測試其最小抑制濃度(Minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC)，結果顯示除了葡萄柚薄荷外，其餘五種精油對於P. acnes 皆具有抑制作用，其中檸檬香蜂草為本研究中抑制痤瘡桿菌之最佳抗菌精油，其MIC為0.57μL/mL。在抗氧化作用方面，運用清除DPPH自由基能力、β-胡蘿蔔素漂白法和Griess 反應法等進行實驗。結果顯示，在清除DPPH自由基能力和β-胡蘿蔔素漂白法方面以丁香羅勒精油的抗氧化效果較佳；而在Griess分析法則以檸檬香蜂草精油清除NO的效果最好。抗發炎活性部分，在抑制5-脂氧合酶(5-Lipoxygenase)能力上，以墾丁水薄荷精油的抑制效果最為顯著。而精油於P.acnes菌體誘導ThP-1 細胞分泌前發炎激素之抗發炎試驗，則以檸檬香蜂草、墾丁水薄荷、丁香羅勒和馬約蘭花精油能有效抑制前發炎細胞激素之分泌量。
綜合本論文研究結果，檸檬香蜂草具有明確地抑制P. acnes的作用，另外，6種精油之中丁香羅勒、墾丁水薄荷和馬約蘭花精油分別擁有顯著的抗氧化和抗發炎作用，此特性將有助於防止疤痕產生。最後建議可以選擇使用混合芳香精油來做芳香療法或添加於保養品中。
Acne vulgaris, an inflammatory disease of the sebaceous gland, is a common skin disease. When sebum are secretd excessively, P. acnes which resides in sebaceous glands proliferate largely. The organism produces a variety of exocellular enzymes and molecules with chemoattractant activ- eity, and it has also been shown to stimulate cells of nonspeafic immune system to produce proinflammatory cytokines which initiate inflammation A sequence of abnormal wound healing after the damage that occurs in the sebaceous follicle during acne inflammation may lead to post-acne scars. Compounds targeting acne vulgaris therefore,should be able to inhibit P. acnes, reduce inflammation and reduce post-acne scar formation. The natu- ral essential oils exhibit not only
antimicrobial and antioxidant properties but also fewer side effects. In this
study, six categories of essential oils derived from Labiatae plants will be
analyzed the biological activities for mending acne condition.
In the study of biological activity, broth dilution method was used to test the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The results of antimicrobial property indicated all the essential oils can inhibit the growth of P. acnes
except the Mentha x piperita. Melissa officinalis displays the most significant antimicrobial abilities with the MIC value of 0.57μL/mL against P. acnes. For antioxidant aspect, DPPH free radical scavenging assay,β-carotene bleaching test and Griess method have been operated.The result showed the Ocimum gratissimum owned the best antioxidant effect on DPPH free radical scavenging assay andβ-carotene bleaching test. In addition, Melissa officinalis expressed the greatest NO scavenging effect on Griess assay. In the anti-inflammatory activity, Mentha aquatica represented the largest inhibition on 5-lipoxygenase. Furthermore the effects of essential oils on the secretions of pro-inflammatory cytokines from ThP-1 cell line induced with P. acnes were also determined. Melissa officinalis, Mentha aquatica, Ocimum gratissimum and Origanum majorana can suppress the productions of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
In summary, the essential oil from Melissa officinalis possessed pronounced
antibacterial activity against P. acnes. Also, Ocimum gratissimum , Mentha aquatica and Origanum majorana owned the positive antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity respectively, which will offer an assistance in the prevention of scar formation. Ultimately, the study suggested blending
aromatic oils may be the better options in the application on aromatherapy and cosmetics for anti-acnes. |
