水泥為最基本的建築材料，且在各產業製造過程中，水泥業是二氧化碳排放量最大的產業，台灣地區水泥業的二氧化碳排量從1980年的4,683,101公噸增至2006年的7,641,225公噸，增加率高達24%，長年位居所有產業之前2位。因此，台灣地區必須針對水泥業二氧化碳之減量問題謀求解決之道，研判產業發展過程中二氧化碳排放的特性及關鍵因素，藉以提供水泥業二氧化碳排放減量之參考，以符合京都議定書二氧化碳排放減量要求。本研究以投入產出結構因素分析法探討1989~2004年間台灣地區水泥業的二氧化碳排放量結構變動因素，包括排放係數、能源配比、能源總密集度、生產總值、產業中間投入、產業中間供給、國內最終需求、出口等八項因素，作為台灣地區水泥業二氧化碳排放關鍵因素，以及減量規劃之依據。結果顯示：1989~1994年間台灣地區水泥業二氧化碳排放量增加，主要受到國內最終需求增加所致；1994~1999年間排放量減少主要為產業中間原料供給下降與能源總密集度改善；1999~2004年間排放量增加主要受到能源總密集度惡化及出口增加所致。因此，本研究建議未來台灣地區水泥業，應加強技術研發以達到節約能源與改善能源密集度，減少二氧化碳的排放量。 Cement is the most basic building material and also the biggest CO2 emission industry in various industrial manufacture processes. In Taiwan、the CO2 emission of cement industry increased from 1980 4,6.83,101 tons in 1980 to 7,6.41,225 tons in 2006 and the increment reaches as high as 24% which has been situated at top 2 of all industries. Therefore、Taiwan must aim at the question of CO2 decrement in the cement industry to seek the solution and decide the characteristic and key aspect of CO2 emission during the industry developing process so as to provide the cement industry with CO2 emission decrement reference for conforming to the CO2 emission decrement request of KYOTO PROTOCOL. Herein、this research uses the input-output (I-O) structural decomposition method to examine the changes in CO2 emission over a 15-year period. By decomposing the CO2 emission changes into nine factors during the periods of 1989 – 1994、1994 – 1999、and 1999 – 2004、we have identified the key factors causing the emission changes as well as the most important trends regarding the industrial development process in Taiwan. The results show that during the period of 1989~1994、the advancement of the domestic final demand was the primary factor of the increase of CO2 emission; during the period of 1994~1999、the primary factor of the decrease was due to the decline in intermediate material supply and energy intensity improvement; during the period of 1999~2004、the factor of the increase was as a result of the increases in the energy intensity and the exports. According to that finding、this research recommends that cement industry should improve manufacturing process and energy intensity to reduce the energy consumption and CO2 emission.
