矽藻土為一種礦物性黏土，為多孔洞特性結構，被廣泛使用於工業製程之過濾程序，作為去除雜質的吸附劑。本研究主要係探討在不同氫氟酸(HF)化學活化條件(包括氫氟酸濃度、活化溫度、停留時間及固液比)下，對此一黏土材料孔洞特性之影響。研究結果顯示，矽藻土的孔洞特性確會受到氫氟酸蝕刻作用而有較大的孔洞性質，惟此一效應並不如預期。另一方面，利用五種過濾吸附介質評估其初步處理校園廢水之效能，結果發現吸附方式幾乎無任何效能。在過濾處理上似乎黏土性材質(即麥飯石及活性白土)則有近五成去除效能，但矽藻土則幾乎無任何效能。 Diatomaceous earth or diatomite, a clay mineral and characteristic of pore structure, is used extensively as filter and/or filter aid for the removal of all impurities in the industrial processes. The main objective of this work was to study the effects of chemical activation parameters (temperature, HF concentration, solid/liquid ratio and holding time) on pore properties of the activated clay material. It was found that the chemical activation method by HF under the controlled conditions slightly etched to proceed inwardly into the interior of the existing pore structure in the clay minerals, leaving a framework possessing. In comparison with removal efficiency by filtration approach, the clay materials (e.g., activated bleaching earth) are superior to non-clay materials (e.g., activated carbon). Diatomaceous earth, however, seemed to have no treatment efficiency on campus wastewater.
