硝基酚為工業上常見的污染物之一，對環境造成重大之衝擊，生物降解因具高之經濟效益，且可用於去除受污染的環境，故可做為土壤硝基酚污染整治的最佳選擇之一。本研究以批次培養的方式，取自加油站排水溝與欣岱股份有限公司的反應釜及廢水儲槽週遭收集的污泥及土壤篩選出耐高濃度之2-硝基酚降解菌株4、M1及M5，並對篩選出之純化菌株進行革蘭氏染色，由結果顯示，三菌株皆為革蘭氏陽性 ; 經16S rDNA定序比對，菌株4為Staphylococcus pasteuri相似度99%，菌株M1為Microbacteriun arborescens相似度96%，菌株M5為Bacillus cereus相似度98%。
再者，針對菌株外加碳源、氮源及混合菌種培養的影響分別加以探討，結果顯示，外加不同的碳源對各菌株無促進效果 ; 而外加氮源的研究結果，硝酸鉀和氯化銨，有明顯的促進效果，酵母萃取物則無明顯之促進效果 ; 在混和菌的降解能力試驗證明優於單一菌株。
將試驗菌株接種於模擬污染土樣中，進行批次生物降解實驗，監測實驗過程之2-硝基酚的菌數、濃度及pH值，並研究外加硝酸鉀和氯化銨及混合菌種培養對於模擬污染土樣之影響加以探討。結果發現，試驗菌株於砂質壤土中具良好的生物降解效果，且混合菌種培養於污染土樣之降解效果優於單一菌種。 Nitrophenol is a commonly occurring industrial pollutant, which has been found to affect our environment, causing ecological imbalance. Biodegradation is a useful strategy to detoxify wastewater and polluted environment, which is the best choice of the nitrophenol contaminated soil remediation. The 2-nitrophenol high-tolerant degraders were isolated from collected sludge and soils from petrol station and around of reactor and wastewater storage in Syndyne Industry Company. The isolated strains in this study included 4、M1 and M5. The physiological properties of test strains were analyzed by Gram stain, the results showed that all test strains were Gram positive. The 16S rDNA sequence of three test strains showed that strain 4 was 99% similarity of Staphylococcus pasteuri, M1 was 96% similarity of Microbacteriun arborescens, and M5 was 96% similarity of Bacillus cereus.
Furthermore, effects of additional carbon, nitrogen sources and mixed culture were also investigated. The results showed that no increasing effect was found when the additional carbon sources and yeast extract were added. On the other hand, additional potassium nitrate and ammonium chloride could increase the degrading efficiency significantly. The degrading efficiency of mixed culture was better than pure culture.
Inoculation of effective degraders to the modified polluted soils spiked with 2-nitrophenol was carried out by batch culture. The concentration of 2-NP、pH values and the number of 2-nitrophenol degrader were monitored in the experimental period to understand the variation of test strains. The results showed that the 2-NP biodegradation of test strains in the sandy loam was effective. The degrading efficiency in polluted soils by mixed culture was better than pure culture.
