| 摘要: | 選用本省主要農業廢棄物稻殼、椰殼與蔗渣，製成觸媒活性碳，可解決本省主要農業廢棄物之棄置問題，並可提供其他農業廢棄物製做觸媒活性碳之參考。本年度研究將高碳質之農業廢棄物含浸於化學活化劑中以有效提昇活性碳之孔隙性與表面化學特性。本年度計畫以不同活化劑、濃度、含浸時間等碳化升溫速率、最終活化溫度、最終活化時間等條件之變化討論對活性碳各項特性之影響，如：觸媒活性碳之化學特性(酸鹼值、灰份、電導度、表面pH值與表面官能基分析)、表面特性(表面金屬型態與含量、結晶特性、孔徑大小分布與孔隙度)及吸附特性(有機碳之去除率)等各項因素，並將製備之觸媒活性碳之吸附與氧化性能進行比較，分別討論製備過程對碳化產物之影響。並以洗氣廢水中有機物之吸附效果決定最佳製備條件，本年度研究進行不同農業廢棄物的活化條件(包括：活化劑種類、濃度與含浸時間)測試，預期可尋求良好的觸媒活性碳製備條件。另一方面，進行碳化後質材之物理與化學性質測定，可瞭解不同熱裂解條件下的觸媒活性碳品質。將品質較佳的觸媒活性碳實際應用有機洗氣廢水吸附與氧化作用上，通入含不同種類農藥(包括：有機氮及雜環化合物(巴拉刈)、有機磷系(巴拉松)、氯醯氨系(丁基拉草)等)，以批次方式進行氧化反應之測試，測定農藥之殘留量，以實際瞭解試驗中製成的觸媒活性碳對農藥之吸附與氧化處理效率。
The study will investigate the feasibility of manufacturing the catalytic activated carbons from agricultural wastes. The use of carbon will be economical, since rice hull, sugarcane bagasses, coconut bagasses are waste products in large quantities, especially in Taiwan. In this year, the objective of this study was to prepare the catalytic activated carbons from agricultural wastes with high carbon content from chemical activation method and was employed for pesticides treatment. The comparison between traditional chemical activated method and new developing immersion method will be made. Utilizing various preparing conditions, such as carbonization temperature, final activation temperature and immersed solution, the physical and chemical characteristics, the efficiencies of adsorption and oxidation for scrubbing wastewater by catalytic activated carbons/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> will be investigated. The adsorptiive and oxidatiive capacities of catalytic activated carbons for wastewater treatment will be discussed. The effects of various preparing conditions on physical properties (hardness and bulk density), chemical properties (chemical constituents, ash content, conductivity, surface pH value, oxgenized functional groups), morphology (roughness, porosity, pore size, and pore fraction), adsorption properties and oxidation properties (TOC removal efficiency of pesticides treatment) of catalytic activated carbons will be measured by means of the methods reported in the literatures. The best preparing conditions will be determined by the high COD removal efficiency of pesticides. Moreover, the results will provide another treatment of large supply of agricultural waste. The agricultural wastes will be high microporous structure, high surface area, and high oxidative efficiency for organic pollutants by the treatment of pyrolysis. The catalytic activated carbon that is a stable, versatile adsorbent and effective oxidative catalyst due to its good adsorption and oxidation properties. |
