Molecular prevalence and phylogeny of Anaplasma marginale, Anaplasma ovis and Theileria ovis in goats and sheep enrolled from a hill station in Punjab, Pakistan

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0291302

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Title:	Molecular prevalence and phylogeny of Anaplasma marginale, Anaplasma ovis and Theileria ovis in goats and sheep enrolled from a hill station in Punjab, Pakistan
Authors:	Arif, Muhammad Saeed, Suleman Bashir, Ahsan Farooq, Muhammad Nasreen, Nasreen Khan, Adil Asif, Muhammad Khalil, Muhammad Asif Ijaz, Maryam Muqaddas, Hira Mehmood, Naunain Iqbal, Furhan Chen, Chien-Chin
Contributors:	Ghazi Univ, Dept Zool, Dera Ghazi Khan Abdul Wali Khan Univ, Dept Zool Bacha Khan Univ Charsadda, Dept Bot Bahauddin Zakariya Univ, Inst Biotechnol Women Univ Multan, Dept Zool Univ Sargodha, Dept Zool Univ Sassari, Dept Vet Med Chia Yi Christian Hosp, Ditmanson Med Fdn, Dept Pathol Chia Nan Univ Pharm & Sci, Dept Cosmet Sci Natl Chung Hsing Univ, Rong Hsing Res Ctr Translat Med, Ph D Program Translat Med Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Dept Biotechnol & Bioind Sci
Keywords:	Apparently Healthy Sheep Small Ruminants Multiplex Pcr A-Centrale Tick Diagnosis Babesia Amplification Infections Pathogens
Date:	2023
Issue Date:	2024-12-25 11:05:54 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
Abstract:	Anaplasma marginale (A. marginale), Anaplasma ovis (A. ovis) and Theileria ovis (T. ovis) are among the most commonly reported intracellular tick borne pathogens that infect ruminants across the globe causing huge economic losses. This study aims to report the prevalence and phylogenetic evaluation of these three pathogens infecting sheep and goats (n = 333) that were enrolled from Fort Munro region in Pakistan by using msp1b, msp4 and 18S rRNA genes for A. marginale, A. ovis and T. ovis respectively. Results revealed almost similar infection rates in sheep and goats with an overall prevalence of 11% for A. marginale, 28% for A. ovis and 3% for T. ovis. Concurrent infection was also recorded, however, the number of animals infected with two pathogens (n = 24; 7.2%) was higher than infection with three pathogens (n = 2; 0.6%). Risk factor analysis revealed that sheep reared in small herds had higher A. marginale (P = 0.03) and A. ovis (P = 0.04) infection rates compared to those from large herds. In addition, it was observed that bucks (P <= 0.05) and tick-free goats (P <= 0.05) exhibited higher A. ovis infection rates than nannies. Phylogenetic analysis of all three pathogens showed that Pakistani isolates were clustered together and were closely related to previously deposited Pakistani isolates as well as with those that were reported from worldwide countries. In conclusion, we are reporting that Pakistani sheep and goats have A. marginale, A. ovis and T. ovis mediated infections and control measures should be taken against them to improve the productivity of the livestock sector.
Relation:	Plos One, v.18, n.11
Appears in Collections:	[Offices] 456

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