標準方法與可燃物物理組成加權混樣法測定都市垃圾中 氯、磷、鉀之比較

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標題:	標準方法與可燃物物理組成加權混樣法測定都市垃圾中氯、磷、鉀之比較 Comparisons between standard method and weighted samples to determine chlorine, phosphorus and potassium in municipal solid waste 都市垃圾中所含之氯及磷、鉀含量分別為垃圾焚化廠及堆肥廠在營運操作過程中相當重要的操作基礎資料。其中在焚化處理過程中，垃圾中的氯會反應產生對爐體造成侵蝕的氯化氫，以及衍生影響人體健康的戴奧辛。此外。都市垃圾中的磷、鉀含量會影響垃圾堆肥化產品之肥效，因此，掌握垃圾氯磷鉀的含量在廢棄物之管理殊為重要。因傳統的氯磷鉀標準分析方法係將七類可燃物分別測定後進行加權計算，分析耗時耗用較多耗資材，故本研究將使用可燃物物理組成加權混樣後之樣品並與標準方法做比較，過程以相對誤差百分比(Relative Percent Difference, RPD)觀察標準方法與加權混樣兩種分析結果之差異，及實驗室同一樣品物理組成加權分析重複分析之結果，評估以加權混樣分析之減少分析時間及資材耗用之可能性。研究結果顯示46個樣品加權混樣重複分析所測氯、磷、鉀含量之RPD最大值、最小值及平均值分別為氯83.33 %、0 %及23.52 %；磷24.00 %、0 %及7.96 %；鉀38.46 %、0 %及6.60 %。而92個樣品標準方法與加權混樣重複分析所測氯、磷、鉀含量之RPD最大值、最小值及平均值分別為氯111.11 %、0.00 %及43.84 %；磷161.90 %、6.90 %、102.25 %；鉀124.87 %、3.51 %、41.21 %。在兩個不同實驗方法所計算出來的RPD可明顯發現大於20 %之機率頗高，其原因係垃圾樣品中之氯、磷、鉀含量相對較低，加權混樣法的結果與標準方法結果雖微小，但因為含量較低的關係，其RPD仍甚大，所以如要將加權混樣法替代標準混樣法較適合濃度含量較高之樣品。 The chlorine (Cl), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) contained in the municipal solid waste (MSW) are important basic data for the operation of the waste incineration plant and composting plant, respectively. In the incineration process, the chlorine in the garbage will produce hydrogen chloride that will erode the furnace body, and dioxin that will affect human health. The phosphorus and potassium also affect the fertilizer efficiency of composting products of garbage Understanding the contents of chlorine, phosphorus, and potassium in MSW is very important in the management of MSW. Traditionally, the standard analyses method of chlorine, phosphorus, and potassium are to classified the combustible part of MSW into seven types of physical compositions. The contents of Cl, P, and K are determine according the weighted calculation when the individual contents of Cl, P, and K in the different physical compositions are determined. This analysis process takes time and resources. Therefore, in this study, a new analysis process, the weighted mixing process, was proposed. A single samples was obtained according the mixing process of the weights of physical compositions. There was only a single sample needed to analyzed and saved time and resources. The relative error percentage (RPD) was used to discuss the results between these two analysis processesAccording to the results of the repeated analysis experiments by weighted mixing method, it showed that the maximum and minimum values of the RPD and the average values of the Cl, P, and potassium contents of the 46 samples were 83.33 %、0 %, and 23.52 % for Cl, 24.00 %、0.00 % ,and 7.96 % for P, and 38.46 %、0.00 %, and 6.60 %, respectively.In addition, the maximum, minimum and average RPD of experimental results by the standard method and the weighted mixing method were 111.11 %、0.00 %, and 43.84 %for Cl, 161.90 %、6.90 %, and 102.25 % for P, 124.87 %、3.51 %, and 41.21 % for K, respectively. The RPD calculated between two different experimental methods clearly showed that there existed a relative big difference. If you only look at the analysis results, you will find that the results of the weighted mixed method is only slightly different from the results of the standard mixed method. Because of the lower content of CL, P, and K, it was easily induced high RPD, which implied that the weighted mixing method was not a qualified method to substitute the standard method. Therefore, if the weighted mixed sample method is used instead of the standard mixed sample method, it is more suitable for high concentration samples.
作者:	余易宸
貢獻者:	環境資源管理系錢紀銘
關鍵字:	都市垃圾氯磷鉀相對誤差百分比 Municipal solid waste Chlorine content analysis Phosphorus content analysis Potassium content analysis Compare differences
日期:	2020
上傳時間:	2022-10-21 10:35:43 (UTC+8)
關聯:	學年度：108， 109頁
显示于类别:	[環境資源管理系(所)] 博碩士論文

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