預先混樣與標準混樣對都市垃圾元素分析之影響

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標題:	預先混樣與標準混樣對都市垃圾元素分析之影響 Comparisons Between the Results of General Solid Waste Samples Based on Weighted Pre-mixing and Standard Mixing for Element Analysis 都市垃圾中的碳、氫、氮、硫等元素分析含量是焚化爐營運操作管理中相當重要的參數，可應用於(1)垃圾中有機成分之化學組成之特性分析；(2)預測焚化過程所需之理論供給空氣量；(3)預測焚化過程理論之廢氣排放量；(4)預測垃圾之發熱量；(5)利用元素分析結果，調整適當之廢棄物物質之混合物，以達到適合於生物轉化處理所需之碳氮比(C/N ratio)。本研究利用相對差異百分比比較可燃物物理組成加權混樣與標準法所得碳、氫、氮、硫等元素分析結果是否具顯著差異性。及針對兩種不同前處理破碎粒徑(1 mm、0.25 mm)以可燃物物理組成加權混樣碳、氫、氮、硫等元素分析與標準方法垃圾樣品碳、氫、氮、硫等元素分析結果，並利用相對差異百分比探討在不同破碎粒徑及不同混樣方法情況下所得到之碳、氫、氮、硫等元素分析結果是否具有顯著差異性。　　研究結果顯示同樣垃圾樣品前處理破碎粒徑皆為1 mm，分別由嘉南藥理大學進行可燃物物理組成加權混樣元素分析與由其他大學進行標準元素分析方法兩者不同實驗單位進行差異比，其結果碳、氫、氮、硫等元素分析結果均超過重複分析品質管制規定20 %。　　為驗證是否為實驗單位不同而造成元素分析結果差異，因此，進行若同一垃圾樣品其實驗單位皆由嘉南藥理大學進行可燃物物理組成加權混樣與標準方法之碳氫氮硫元素分析，其結果進行不同混樣方法相對差異百分比，顯示碳、氫、氮、硫、碳氮比皆在環檢所重複分析品質管制範圍規定20 %以內，顯示可燃物物理組成加權混合樣品之碳、氫、氮、硫等元素分析結果與標準方法之差異於在可接受範圍內。　　而同一垃圾樣品以破碎粒徑0.25 mm由嘉南藥理大學進行物理組成加權混樣元素分析與破碎粒徑1 mm由其他大學進行標準方法元素分析，以不同前處理破碎粒徑進行元素分析，其分析後結果進行不同混樣方法相對差異百分比，在不同前處理破碎粒徑0.25 mm與1 mm及不同混樣方法之碳、氫、氮、硫等元素分析結果，顯示其平均差異百分碳、氫、氮、硫、碳氮比等皆超過環檢所規定重複分析品質管制範圍20 %。 The element contents of hydrocarbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur in urban waste are the very important parameters in the operation and management of incinerators and can be applied in;(1) analyzing the characteristics of the chemical of organic components in the garbage;(2) predicting the theoretical air supply required for the incineration process;(3) predicting the exhaust emissions of the incineration process;(4) predicting the calorific value of garbage;(5) adjusting the appropriate mixture of waste substances to achieve the carbon and nitrogen ratio suitable for biological conversion treatment. In this study, the relative percent difference (RPD) was used to compare the analysis results of hydrocarbon, nitrogen, and sulfur elements of the combustible physical composition from weighted mixed sample with those from the standard method. The effects of particle sizes, 1.00 mm, 0.25 mm, during the pretreatment of garbage crushing on the element analysis of weighted mixed method and standard method were also investigated.　　The experimental results separately conducted by the laboratories in different universities for the element analysis with weighted mixing and standard mixing samples showed that, for the same garbage sample, the RPD of hydrocarbons, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur exceeded the quality requirements for repeated analysis by 20%.　　To examine whether the differences were caused by the experimental laboratories, another set of element analysis for the weighted mixing and standard mixing samples of combustible material were conducted by the laboratory. The results of RPD showed that the carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, and carbon-to-nitrogen ratios were all within 20 % of the quality control scope by Environmental Protection Administration, Taiwan ROC. It indicated that the substitution of standard mixing samples with weighted mixing samples for the element analysis of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur was an acceptable alternative.　　To investigate the size effect, another experiments of element analysis with the pretreatment of crushed particle size of 0.25 mm were conducted by Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science. The results were compared with those results obtained from the other laboratory with crushed particle size of 1 mm and standard mixing. Based on the element results of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, and carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, all RPD exceeded 20 %. It showed that the crushed particle size affected the analytic results of garbage element with different mixing.
作者:	陳禾庭
貢獻者:	環境資源管理系錢紀銘
關鍵字:	元素分析物理組成加權混樣方法差異百分比破碎粒徑 Element analysis Weighted mixing of physical composition Relative percent difference Crushed particle size
日期:	2020
上傳時間:	2022-10-21 10:31:15 (UTC+8)
關聯:	學年度：108， 139頁
显示于类别:	[環境資源管理系(所)] 博碩士論文

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