| 摘要: | 本論文以多孔人工餵血系統進行防蚊液檢測，防蚊液標準化的檢測方法須確認皮膚單位表面積處理忌避劑的劑量、忌避劑保護時間、供試蚊蟲的種類及生理狀況及試驗結果需具再現性。以體內試驗(in vivo)和體外(in vitro)試驗相互比較。體內試驗 1 小時、2 小時、3 小時、4 小時及 5 小時後對埃及斑蚊忌避率分別為 100%、100%、100%、100% 及 78.6%，以氣流處理體外試驗 (in vitro) 不同時間對埃及斑蚊的忌避率 100%、100%、100%、97.7%、89.4%，二者間對埃及斑蚊的忌避率不具顯著性差異，以氣流處理的體外試驗與體內試驗的試驗結果一致，以此標準化的方法進行防蚊液的檢測。以多孔人工餵血裝置作為防蚊液檢測平台，可快速準確進行防蚊液檢測。DEET、PMD、IR3535及 Picaridin 四種防蚊液的 IC50 值分別為 21.40%、1.54%、1.08% 及 0.44%，四種防蚊液的效果依序為 Picaridin > IR3535 > DEET > PMD。以人體試驗或動物試驗進行生物檢測，有感染病原及測試化學成分傷害的風險，另外也需考慮實驗動物福祉的問題。為快速且大量評估新忌避劑的效果，使用新穎配方的人工代血，以多孔人工餵血裝置建立防蚊液體外檢測方法，可定量防蚊液的忌避效果，是安全、有效的檢測方法。
An efficient and safe in vitro bioassay system using a multiple-membrane blood-feeding device and a cocktail meal was used to identify the new insect repellents by the high-throughput screening of candidate chemicals. The method for standardizing the efficacy of repellents against Aedes aegypti should confirm the dose of repellent treatment on the skin surface, the repellent protection time, the type and physiological condition of the test mosquito, and the reproducibility of test results. The in vitro test were conducted in the airflow treatment through 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 hours, the repellency rate of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were 100%, 100% , 100% , 97.7% , and 89.4%, respectively. The repellency rates of the in vivo test were 100%, 100%, 100%, 100% and 78.6%, which was the same as the in vitro test. Using the multiple-membrane blood-feeding system to establish the repellent bioassay platform allows for a quantitative evaluation. The operation of this device is simple, easy and effective. The IC50 values of DEET, PMD, IR3535 and Picaridin were 1.40%, 1.54%, 1.08% and 0.44%, respectively. In practice, these methods should raise significant concern with regard to the accidental transmission of disease, the unknown toxicity of the compound and the welfare of humans and animals. |
