隨著抗菌劑的使用越加廣泛多元，消費者對抗菌劑的種類與安全性的要求也不斷提升，而陽離子界面活性劑為化粧品廣泛使用之抗菌劑，其具有性質穩定、抗菌時間長等優點，因此研發不同種類、不同抗菌機制的陽離子抗菌劑是相關研究領域者積極開發的方向。本研究以1-烷基-3苯基咪唑雙芳香環咪唑類陽離子合成為架構，探討親水端不同拉推電子基之結構與其烷鏈長度對抗菌活性之效果。
藉由紙錠擴散試驗及最小抑菌濃度試驗評估其抗菌效能，探討結構對金黃色葡萄球菌、大腸桿菌、綠膿桿菌、白色念珠菌及黑黴菌之抗菌活性，於紙錠擴散試驗顯示，碳鏈長度為C10-C16有較佳的抗菌性，對抑制白色念珠菌以化合物5g效果最好，在0.4 mg/disc之濃度下抑菌圈範圍可達31.17±1.61mm的抑菌範圍，而對抑制黑黴菌以化合物5g效果最好，在相同濃度下抑菌範圍可達19.50±0.87 mm。兩者抗菌效果與市售抗菌劑苯扎氯銨相比為佳。最小抑菌濃度實驗結果顯示化合物5c對於白色念珠菌其最小抑菌濃度為7 ppm；而抑制黑黴菌以化合物5b為最好其最小抑制濃度為40 ppm。結果顯示，離子液體中的烷鏈長度及拉推電子基不同會影響抗菌性能。 With the increasing use of antibacterial agents, consumers are increasingly demanding the types and safety of antibacterial agents. Cationic surfactants are widely used antibacterial agents for cosmetics, which have the advantages of stable nature and long antibacterial time. Therefore, the development of cationic antibacterial agents with different types and different antibacterial mechanisms is actively developed by relevant research fields. In this study, the synthesis of 1-alkyl-3-phenyl imidazole bis-aromatic ring imidazole cations was used as the framework to investigate the effect of the structure of the different electron-radical groups on the hydrophilic end and the length of the alkyl chain on the antibacterial activity.
The antibacterial activity was evaluated by paper ingot diffusion test and minimum inhibitory concentration test. The antibacterial activity of the structure against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, and black mold was investigated. The chain length of C10-C16 has better antibacterial activity, and the best effect on inhibiting Candida albicans with compound 5g is that the inhibition zone can reach the inhibition range of 31.17±1.61 mm at a concentration of 0.4 mg/disc. Inhibition of black mold with compound 5g is the best, and the inhibition range can reach 19.50±0.87 mm at the same concentration. The antibacterial effect of both is better than that of the commercially available antibacterial agent benzalkonium chloride. The minimum inhibitory concentration test results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration of compound 5c for Candida albicans was 7 ppm, while the inhibition of black mold with compound 5b was the best inhibitory concentration of 40 ppm. The results show that the length of the alkyl chain in the ionic liquid and the difference in the push-pull electron base affect the antibacterial properties.
