| 摘要: | 白色念珠菌(Candida albicans)存在許多環境中，也是人體中常見的正常菌;但是遇到免疫力低下患者，如老人和小孩卻容易造成伺機性感染，而且造成死亡。念珠菌大多感染上皮細胞經由血液擴散，侵入內部器官而造成全身性感染，或聚集於體內的醫療器械上，如中心靜脈導管及人工關節。其藉由粘附作用並分泌水解?而後形成生物膜；生物膜的形成可保護菌體抵抗宿主的免疫攻擊，也讓治療真菌藥物不易進入菌體，大大提高了治療的困難度。目前治療真菌的藥物常對身體具有毒性和副作用，並且單一藥劑使用易產生抗藥性而失效，因此新藥劑的開發已是迫切需要。本實驗首先尋找有利於白色念珠菌生物膜形成環境，實驗結果顯示當環境條件37℃和培養基含3%Glucose下，篩選出具高生物膜生成能力(High biofilm formation, HBF)之白色念珠菌(OD 4.306)。再利用用大黃(Rheum officinale Ethanol extract, ERO)、本半枝蓮(Scutellaria barbata Ethanol extract, ESB)和杭荊芥(Schizonepeta tenuifolia Ethanol extract, EST)的乙醇提取物分別針對HBF之白色念珠菌進行單方及複方的抑制試驗，結果顯示大黃提取物能抑制生物膜形成，為單方效果最好的提取物，其抑制效果為大黃提取物(71.3%)>杭荊芥提取物(21.9%)>本半枝蓮提取物(12.6%)。在協同抑制生物膜生成試驗中，大黃與本半枝蓮提取物協同抑制效果(96.9%)優於大黃與杭荊芥提取物(82.0%)，兩者的效果都遠高於單方的抑制功效。本研究證實大黃乙醇提取物與本半枝蓮提取物能有效抑制生物膜生成，其有潛力成為治療白色念珠菌相關疾病之藥物。
Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogenic yeast that is a common member of the human body, especially immunocompromised patients. In fact, the majority of C. albicans infections are associated with biofilm formation on host or abiotic surfaces such as indwelling medical devices, which carry high morbidity and mortality. Candida commonly grows as a resilient biofilm capable of withstanding extraordinarily high antifungal concentrations. As currently available antifungals have minimal activity against biofilms, new drugs to treat the fungal infections are urgently needed. Rheum officinale Baill. (Polygonaceae) is a perennial herb, the dried roots and rhizomes of which are called rhubarb (Da Huang in Chinese). Rhubarb is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine having many pharmacological actions, such as purgation, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antipyretic, and anticancer effects. Schizonepeta tenuifolia (Benth.) Briq. is a aromatic medicinal herb. The dried aerial part of Schizonepeta tenuifolia has long been popularly employed in Taiwan and mainland China as a traditional medicinal herb for the treatment of colds, headaches, fevers, skin rashes (pruritus and rubella) and other disorders. Scutellaria barbata D. Don (S. barbata) is a herb used in traditional Chinese medicine, which is widely distributed in certain areas of China and Korea. S. barbata has known anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects. The aim of this work was to study synergistic action of the ethanol extracts of the three Chinese medicines on C. albicans biofilm inhibition. The biofilm test is used in the experiment to search the surrounding that benifits the biofilm formation of Candida albicans. The high biofilm formation of Candida albicans was selected at the temperature of 37℃ and with 3% glucose YMB. Individual and general synergistic inhibition were experimented with Rheum officinale ethanol extract (ERO), Scutellaria barbata ethanol extract (ESB) and Schizonepeta tenuifolia ethanol extract (EST) for the biofilm formation. The best result showed the extract of Rheum officinale inhibit 71.3% of C. albicans biofilm. C. albicans cells in biofilms were resistant to individual ESB or EST but exquisitely sensitive to the combination of ERO-ESB (96.9%) or ERO-EST (82.0%). These findings reveal that ERO-ESB is potential C. albicans biofilm inhibition and provide evidence that synergistic drug combinations may prove efficacious as novel therapeutic interventions to treat or prevent biofilms. |
