| 摘要: | 台灣人口已邁入「高齡社會」，失能人口大幅增加導致長期照顧需求也隨之增加，然而照顧服務員成為重要的照顧能力，長期下來容易造成累積性肌肉骨骼傷害的情形。本研究主以立意取樣方式總共選取9家長期照顧機構之照顧服務員為研究對象，並利用NMQ北歐肌肉骨骼問卷調查表與工作費力程度工作量表進行相關肌肉骨骼傷害之調查與分析，問卷共發出200份，回收189份，有效問卷數為176份，成功樣本回收率為88%。經t檢定、單因子、卡方檢定等統計方法進行分析，結果顯示，有高達96.5%的照顧服務員回答肌肉骨骼傷害的情況，傷害部位之盛行率以「下背」最高，其次為「右肩」再居次為「左肩」，而工作費力程度顯示，以「輪椅到馬桶」最高，其次為「馬桶到輪椅」在居次為「協助洗澡」，對於照顧服務員負荷最大、最累、也最嚴重，故工作前應適當的熱身運動與正確的搬挪姿勢及配戴個人防護具與適當使用電動輔助機具，對降低照顧服務員的工作負荷及肌肉骨骼傷害是必要的。
Taiwan has entered the stage of an “Aging Society”, the dramatically increased population of disability has led to the growing demand of long-term care. To response to the increasing demand of caring service, the nurse aides has become the main contribution of service providers, however they are prone to cumulative trauma disorders over time.。The study totally selected 9 long-term care institutions by purposive sampling as research subjects, and use NMQ (Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire) and rate of perceived exertion scale to study and analyze musculoskeletal disorders. The 200 questionnaires were issued, 189 questionnaires are collected including 176 valid questionnaires, and the effective response rate was is 88%. After implementing statistical analysis methods of T-test, one way ANOVA, and chi-squared test, the result shows there’s up to 96.5% of nurse aides answered questions related to musculoskeletal disorders. The injured site with highest prevalence rate is the lower back, next is the right shoulder, then the left shoulder. As for the rate of perceived exertion scale, the motion with the highest rate is “From wheelchair to toilet seat”, next is “From toilet seat to wheelchair”, then is “Shower assistance”. Aforementioned motions included in nurse aides’ job contribute the most workload, therefore proper warm-up exercise before work, correct posture while handling, wearing personal protective equipment, and proper usage of electric assisted equipment, are essential for decreasing the workload and musculoskeletal disorders of nurse aides. |
