| 摘要: | 我國於100年6月5日通過環境教育法，全球第六個通過環境教育法的國家，而台灣位於歐亞板塊交界處所以常常發生地震；再加上氣候變遷，台灣是海島型的氣候造成颱風和急降雨等發生複合性的災害相當多。另外目前來說東北季風造成的影響，台灣也在秋冬時也常有塵霾(紫爆)等情況發生，所以災害防救及公害防治在台灣非常重要。本研究目的以環境教育設施場所課程教案，來探討災害防救及公害防治分佈情形，再提出質性分析及進而給政府政策性之建議。由於本研究針對台灣145處通過環境教育設施場域，分佈於臺灣北、中、南、東各地區，係針對目前通過環境教育設施場所364套課程方案進行研究、分析探討。分析結果發現公部門通過環境教育場域比率較多，學校單位通過環境教育設施場所最低。北區環境教育設施場所目前共計有44處，課程教案共有106套相關環境教育課程，公害防治領域15個占14%、災害防救領域有3個占3%。中區通過環境教育設施場所共計有42處，課程教案共有107套相關環境教育課程，在災害防救領域11個占10%、公害防治領域有3個占3%；南區通過環境教育設施場所共計有37處，課程教案共有91套相關環境教育課程，在災害防救領域有7個占8%、公害防治領域有12個占13%；東區通過環境教育設施場所共計有22處，課程教案共有60套相關環境教育課程。在公害防治領域3個占5%。
研究結果提出給政府政策性之建議，在環境教育八大領域災害防救課程及公害防治課程教案申請比率偏低，為維持環境教育八大領域分佈平均，建議鼓勵有意願開發災害防救課程及公害防治的課程教案場域提出申請認證，提升國民災害防救及公害防治的環境知識。
Taiwan Environmental Education Act. (TEEA) was approved by the Legislative Yuan of Taiwan on June 5th , 2010 which made Taiwan became the 6th country to pass the Environmental Education Act globally. Taiwan is located at a boundary between the Philippine Sea Plate and Eurasian Plate, therefore the motion of the tectonic plates results in earthquakes in a high frequency. Furthermore, with the increasing extreme weather events, Taiwan has an island climate which brings compound disasters, such as, typhoos and heavy rainfall. Besides, Taiwan faces smog and other air pollution sisuations during fall and winter resulted from the northeast monsoon. As a result, the disaster prevention, disaster response, and public pollution control are important issues to envirnmental education in Taiwan.
The purpose of the study is to discuss the distribution of the disaster prevention, disaster response, and public pollution control in lesson plans of Environmental education facilities. Afterwards the outcome of qualitative analysis provides goverment with suggestions for relevant policies. The study investgated the 145 certificated environmental education facilities and fields which are located in the north, middle, south, and east of Taiwan, and then collected 364 lesson plans to conduct the analysis.
The result shows that the public sectors are with higher ratio of certificate of environmental education facility and field, and school sectors are with the lowest ratio. There are 44 certificated environmental education facilities and fields and 106 environmental education courses in the north area which include 14% courses in public pollution control field, and 3% courses in disaster prevention and response field. There are 42 certificated environmental education facilities and fields and 107 environmental education courses in the middle area which include 10% courses in public pollution control field, and 3% courses in disaster prevention and response field. There are 37 certificated environmental education facilities and fields and 91 environmental education courses in the south area which include 8% courses in public pollution control field, and 13% courses in disaster prevention and response field. There are 22 certificated environmental education facilities and fields and 60 environmental education courses in the south area which include 5% courses in public pollution control field. A comprehensive review shows that the application rates for lesson plans of disaster prevention, disaster response, and public pollution control are relatively low in the 8 fields of environmental education. Therefore the conclusion of the study provides a suggestion for government that encouraging the applying for lesson plans with interests to develop disaster prevention, disaster response, and public pollution control to increase the number of disaster prevention, disaster response, and public pollution control lesson plans on the purpose of balancing the 8 fields in environmental education. |
