| 摘要: | 在工業革命後經濟快速發展之下，人員遭遇與工作有關的職業傷害與疾病隨著大幅增多。國際標準組織鑑於ISO 9001和ISO 14001已在企業品質與環境管理方面有輝煌成果，於今年（2018）3月12日正式公告職業安全衛生管理系統標準ISO 45001，未來將會正式取代現有民間組織訂定的OHSAS 18001，成為企業新的遵循依據。為了瞭解新版職安衛管理系統相對於舊版有無實際改善效益，本研究從釐清兩版本之間差異開始，對已通過OHSAS 18001之企業，採用google問卷調查進行資料的蒐集，問卷內容分成企業基本資料、推動OHSAS 18001遭遇困境、ISO 45001對企業推動職業安全衛生管理系統的提升與新規範對於企業因應之影響四大部份，其中包括管理承諾、員工參與、內部溝通、人力資源、財務資源、文件資訊、安全文化、系統整合和組織管理九大面向，藉以盤查舊版管理系統殘存問題，並探討新版管理系統是否對安全衛生管理具有實質助益；同時，進一步提出對日後企業推動ISO 45001之相關建議。結果顯示，目前國內企業遭遇推動職業安全衛生管理系統最大阻礙為安全文化、員工參與及內部溝通等面向；企業預期ISO 45001對推動職業安全衛生管理系統於個面向皆有提升性，但在僅財務資源及人力資源較少提升性，其餘面向則皆呈現提升；ISO 45001新規範對企業之影響性僅帶來部份影響，不過，藉由第四部份結果顯示，可以發現企業自行推動管理系統在面對新規範因應性相對較高。ISO 45001新國際標準融入許多新的元素，與以往管理系統有不同的概念，企業得先克服新規範，冀望導入後可增強企業對於安全衛生的重視與提升安全衛生的文化，並為企業帶入不同的新思維，創造改革契機。
With the rapid development of Taiwan's economy after the Industrial Revolution, the work-related occupational injury and diseases that humans experience has increased substantially.In view of the fact that ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 have achieved brilliant achievements in enterprise quality and environmental management, ISO officially announced ISO 45001, occupational safety and health management system standard, on March 12, 2018.In the future, ISO 45001 will officially replace OHSAS 18001 set by the existing civil organizations, and become the new system for the companies to go by.To realize if the new Occupational Safety and Health Management System(OSHMS), ISO 45001, has actual improvement compared to the old one, OHSAS 18001, this research starts with clarifying the differences between ISO 45001 and OHSAS 18001.This research use google questionnaires to collect data of the companies that have been certificated to OHSAS 18001.Questionnaires’ contents are divided into four parts, general information about companies, the challenges of implementing OHSAS 18001,the impact of ISO 45001 on the promotion of occupational safety and health management system and new regulations in corporate response.Google questionnaires’ contents include nine orientations, management commitment, employee involvement, internal communications, human resources, financial resources, documents, safety culture, system integration, and organization management.This research uses this way to investigate the remaining problems of the old management system and explore that if the new management system has substantial promotion for safety and health management;furthermore, itraises suggestions for implementing ISO 45001 in the future.The results show that the biggest obstacles for domestic enterprises to implement occupational safety and health management systems are safety cultures, employee’s participation and internal communication;The company expects that ISO 45001 will promote the occupational safety and health management system in all aspects, but only financial resources and human resources are less upgraded.New standards of ISO 45001 incorporates many new elements and has different concepts from previous management systems.Enterprises must overcome the new standards first. After using use the new standards, enterpriss hope that they can pay more attention to safety and health, improve the culture of safety and health, and create innovative thinking and opportunities for reforming. |
