| 摘要: | 過去國外研究表示，吃素的人擁有較佳的健康情形，但是近年來國內有研究發現長期吃素可能有潛在的健康風險。由於西方國家的吃素方式大多是以蔬食生菜沙拉為主，台灣的素食烹飪卻有許多變化，故本研究旨在探討台灣民眾素食習慣(吃素、不吃素、吃早齋)對於生理指標之關聯性。本研究針對台灣雲林縣台大醫院雲林分院之18~88歲的民眾參與縱向追蹤之研究，第一年總樣本數為2080人，第二年總樣本數為1333人，並採用IBM SPSS Statistics22.0進行資料處理與統計分析。本研究第一年的橫斷式結果發現素食習慣在尿中肌酐酸、總膽固醇、高密度膽固醇、低密度膽固醇、脂蛋白-A1、脂蛋白-B、尿酸及年齡呈現顯著差異。而在第二年的橫斷式結果發現，素食習慣在尿中肌酐酸、血中肌酐酸、總膽固醇、高密度膽固醇、低密度膽固醇、脂蛋白-A1、脂蛋白-B、醣化血色素、尿酸呈現顯著差異。另外，當我們以第一年到第二年的素食習慣改變情形對於生理指標之縱向分析時，結果指出吃素習慣對於一年後的腰圍、血中肌酐酸、脂蛋白-B、空腹血糖值上具有顯著關聯。另外，素食習慣也在運動頻率、抽菸/喝酒習慣上具有關連性。本研究發現有些食用素食的某些生理指標較不健康，也許這和台灣素食的烹飪方式或是食材有關，未來衛生單位可以針對素食提供適當的低熱量和健康烹調的衛生教育宣導，以改善吃素民眾的健康。
It has been shown that vegetarians have better health among Western population; however, recent Taiwanese studies have found that keeping the vegan diets may lead to disease risks. Such discrepancy may be due to cultural differences in cooking methods. The current study aims to explore effects of vegan diets (vegetarian, non-vegetarian, breakfast vegetarian) on biomarkers in Taiwan.The study applied a longitudinal design with two years of data from a hospital in Yunlin County in Taiwan. Participants aged between 18 to 88 years old. There were 2,080 adults in the first year was 2080 adults and 13,333 adults in the second year. All analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics22.0. In the first year, we found that there were associations between vegan diets, urine creatinine, total cholesterol, high-density cholesterol, low-density cholesterol, lipoprotein-a1, lipoprotein-B, uric acid, and age. In the second year, vegan diets were related to urine creatinine acid, blood creatinine, total cholesterol, high-density cholesterol, low-density cholesterol, lipoprotein-a1, lipoprotein-B, hemoglobin, , and uric acid. For the longitudinal analyses, we found that the vegan diet status in the first year was related to waist circumference, blood creatinine, lipoprotein-B, and fasting glucose. In addition, exercise behavior, smoking habits, and alcohol consumption differ by vegan habits. Unlike studies of Western populations, we found that Taiwanese vegan diets had certain unfavorable effects on several biomarkers. This may be due to cultural-specific cooking methods or food ingredients. Future public health programs should provide education on how to prepare healthy vegan dishes in order to improve health of vegetarians in Taiwan. |
