| 摘要: | 人工濕地植栽移除物產量隨著人工濕地設置數量及面積之增加而遞增，為了達到人工濕地植栽移除物零廢棄及資源永續利用之目標，部分學者進行人工濕地植栽移除物堆肥化可行性之探討，惟效果不佳，推測係植栽移除物中難生物分解之纖維素等含量高不易被水解所致，人工濕地植栽移除物堆肥化技術尚待積極進一步研究。本研究使用嘉南藥理大學人工濕地植栽移除之蘆葦，藉由添加不同比例之生廚餘、雞糞及木屑之添加量，並控制起始堆肥之碳氮比約為30左右進行蘆葦桶裝堆肥化操作，藉由觀察堆肥化過程肥堆物理化學特性之變動及進行產品特性檢測分析結果，評估最適起始堆肥配比，以供實務人工濕地植栽移除物堆肥化操作之參考。研究結果發現，堆肥化過程中，各桶肥堆在30~60天中微生物進行有機物分解作用時會產生水而使肥堆之水分含量增加。而高氮源之雞糞抑制固氮菌使肥堆之氮含量降低，導致肥堆之C/N上升，發現X、C、D、E、F、G、H桶之C/N在第30天有上升之現象，氮源穩定後，第45天各桶肥堆C/N呈現下降之趨勢。在不同堆肥操作參數試驗中，由堆肥成品品質分析結果發現水分含量介於48.26~78.50%；C/N介於17.69~19.77；pH介於7.15~8.37；有機質介於11.98~44.33%；氮、磷、鉀含量分別為0.44~0.82%、0.28~0.47%；0.64~1.09%。添加生廚餘及雞糞之對肥化試程，雞糞因富含高氮源，能有效提升肥堆之氮含量及降低C/N，另外兩者皆能提升肥堆產品中P含量之效果。此除外產品水分含量略高而使有機質含量略低外，其餘皆符合農委會雜項堆肥之標準。
Botanical wastes from constructed wetland (BWFCW) increases with the number of wetlands set up in Taiwan. In order to achieve the goal of zero waste and sustainable use of resources, some researches tried to evaluate the feasibility of BWFCW recovery by composting. It was reported the large amount of non-biodegradable composition, cellulose and lignin content in BWFCW resulted in low feasibility of BWFCW recovery by composting. Further research on the technology of composting of BWFCW would be necessary for the sustainable management of BWFCW.In this research, the reed from constructed wetland in Chia Nan University of Pharmacy & Science was collected. Different proportions of raw kitchen waste, chicken manure and space bag were added to control the reed compost pile in barrels with the initial C/N about 30 of composting operation. The characteristic of the product was examined and some physical and chemical properties in the composting pile were observed for the evaluation of the optimum proportion of the initial compost for practical composting operation of BWFCW.During the 30 - 60 day period of composting process, it was found that the water in the barrels of compost increased, resulted from the microorganism degradation of the organic matter into the water. Because of the inhibition of high nitrogen source of chicken manure on nitrogen fixation of microorganism, the nitrogen content in the compost reduced and rised the C/N of products. Therefore, the C/N of condition X, C, D, E, F, G and G increased on the 30th day. When the nitrogen source was stable, the C/N of the barrel composts decreased on the 45th day. The characteristics of final products with different operation parameters were as following. The moisture contents were in the range of 48.26~78.50%. The C/N ratios were between 17.69~19.77. The pH ranged between 7.15~8.37. The organic matter were analyzed to between 11.98~44.33%. The contents of N, P, K, were 0.44~0.82%, 0.28~0.47%, 0.64~1.09%, respectively. It was found adding chicken manure with high nitrogen content into the reed compost pile increased the nitrogen content of fertilizer and reducing C/N effectively. Both raw kitchen waste and chicken manure can increased the phosphorus content of the compost products. In addition, the moisture content of compost products were slightly higher to lower the organic matter content of compost products. The rest characteristics of the BWFCW by adding raw kitchen waste and chicken manure were in compliance with R.O.C. miscellaneous composting standards. |
