| 摘要: | 金屬基本工業在工業發展中扮演著極為重要的角色，金屬基本工業中包含了鍛造、鑄造、軋鋼、冶煉等重工業。鑄造在我國已有幾千年的歷史，從商代已有青銅器等的鍛冶製品，隨著時代的進步鑄造技術漸漸成熟發展到至今。
然自從工業革命以來，噪音一直威脅著工作人員的健康，它並不是一項新的危害。噪音對人類所產生的不良影響很多。在以往的研究中，有充份的証據顯示暴露於高噪音環境中，對人會衍生生理與心理上之健康危害，其中最直接的危害就是勞工的聽力損失。當有過度的噪音產生時，除了造成談話干擾與令人煩惱外，最直接的危害是對人耳聽覺細胞造成傷害。在生理上，過度噪音也會使人的內分泌異常、頭痛、易疲倦與高血壓，對於突發性的噪音也會令人過度緊張而導致心血管疾病。
本研究以2012年、2013年及2014年持續在職之員工針對這些族群人員去分析年齡、年資、血壓等因素與聽力閾值損失之關係有無相關之情形，研究結果發現噪音聽力損失情形與年齡增長、工作年資增加、防護具配戴時間、血壓值(高血壓及血壓偏高)及BMI值指數增長均呈現顯著的正向相關，且相關性在高頻聲音上更為明顯。
建議雇主徹底配合法規與勞動部所製訂之各種政策，包括噪音控制工程、配工或調班、實施勞工安全衛生教育訓練，督促勞工徹底落實使用噪音防護具，並定期實施勞工健康檢查及作業環境噪音測定，提供勞工教育訓練及確實佩戴防音防護具，以維護勞工健康。
Basic metal industry plays an important role in industrial developme,Basic metal industry includes forging、casting、 rolling、smelting and other heavy industries.Casting history in China has thousands of years,from the Shang Dynasty bronze existing products such as blacksmiths,With the era of progress gradually mature casting technology developed to date.However,since the industrial revolution,the noise has been threatening the health of staff,He is not a new hazard.Noise adverse effects on humans for many,In previous studies,There is sufficient evidence that exposure to high noise environments,Cause health hazards to human physiology and psychology of Which is the most direct harm hearing loss of workers.When there is excessive noise generation,In addition to causing interference and annoying conversation outside,The most direct harm is human auditory cell damage.Physiologically,Excessive noise will make endocrine abnormalities、headache、Easy fatigue and high blood pressure,For sudden noise will cause excessive tension caused by cardiovascular disease.In this study, in 2012、2013 and 2014 continued in-service employees for these groups of people to analyze the age、Seniority、The relationship between the presence or absence of hearing loss threshold of blood pressure and other factors and circumstances,The results found that the noise situation and age hearing loss、Increase employment, seniority、Wearing protective gear case、Blood pressure (hypertension and high blood pressure) and BMI values of exponential growth showed significant positive correlation,And the correlation between the high frequency sound is more obvious.It advises employers complete with a variety of policies and regulations formulated by the Ministry of Labour and Including noise control engineering、With work or transfer classes、Enforcement of labor safety and health education and training,Labour urged to implement fully the use of noise protector,And regular health check enforcement of labor and environmental noise measurement job,Providing education and training and labor indeed wearing sound-proof protective gear,To safeguard the health of workers. |
