| 摘要: | 近年來，氣候變遷與地球暖化的現象日益嚴重，在全球創下了許多高溫，人類在高溫的環境下，為了創造良好舒適度，大量地使用空調系統來降低環境的溫度，卻也造成了能源大量的損耗。隨著科技的進步，人類一方面為了響應環保，另一方面為了創造良好舒適度，因此，如何使用低能耗達到良好的舒適性，是現今許多學者專家積極進行的研究工作。 本研究以嘉南藥理大學大型地下室空間為例，探討地下室空間在不同的設計條件下所求得空間內的熱舒適度，達到下列幾項目的：(1)考量抽風機的抽排風與開窗數量兩項因素，在不同的設計條件下，分析地下室現況空間內溫度、風速、預測舒適性指標（PMV）與預測不滿意百分比（PPD）的分佈與變化。(2)挑選出影響地下室空間熱舒適的重要因子，導入「田口式品質工程法」將地下室空間模擬數值，經由PMV值以望目特性進行分析，求得最佳化的設計，與找出最大的影響因子。(3)評估水冷扇於地下室評價區內，在不同風量的情況下，不同距離所分析出的溫度、風速、PMV與PPD，並與實際量測數據比較，驗證兩者之間結果的誤差。 ? 在研究過程中，將建構完成的三維數值模型，匯入SolidWorks Flow Simulation商用軟體中，經由計算流體力學的計算過程（CFD），在不同的空間設計條件下，求得地下室內各離散點的溫度與風速的相關條件，推算出環境中熱舒適度的PMV與PPD，評估當前地下室空間的室內熱舒適性，並帶入「田口式品質工程法」，探討影響地下室空間熱舒適性的重要因子。 由分析結果得到：（1）在抽風機的抽排風與開窗數量兩者因素，所得到平均數值呈現的結果顯示，溫度的差異上為0.08℃，PMV的差異為0.06，PPD的差異上為1.55%。由此可知，此二項因素對於地下室的熱舒適沒有明顯的改善；（2）導入「田口式品質工程法」後，得到影響地下室熱舒適的最大控制因子為「兩排每邊抽風機開機數量」，影響最小的為「抽風機的擺設位置」；（3）放置水冷扇後，比較實驗與模擬而得的溫度結果，均在10%的誤差範圍內與實際量測數據吻合，驗證了分析所得的數據。而評價區內所分析出的風速結果因受環境干擾因素的影響，導致實際量測結果與模擬分析結果會有較大的誤差；（4）對於溫度的改善，從原本室內溫度28.5℃可降低至26.3℃，有2.2℃左右的改善率。因此，驗證了水冷扇能夠有效的改善空間內的熱舒適。
In recent years, the issues of climate change and global warming have became more and more important. Situated in a high temperature environment, people choose to lower the temperature in the living environment using air-conditioners, which create the problems of massive energy loss. With the progress in science and technology, people crave not only for environmental protection; but also consume lower energy to create a comfortable environment. Therefore, how to create a comfortable environment with the minimum consumption of energy is an important issue that many experts and scholars are working on enthusiastically. This research is considered in the underground space at Chia Nan University of Pharmacy & Science to examine the spatial thermal comfort with different design criteria. Several objective are investigated as follows, (1)Consider the number of ventilation fans and windows opened under various conditions designed with different criteria, it aims to analyze the distribution and changes in temperature, wind speed, Predicted Mean Vote（PMV）and Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied （PPD） in the current space of the underground space. (2)Select the important factors that affect the spatial thermal comfort in the basement. Employing the “Taguchi Method （TM）,” the space in the underground is simulated and analyzed with Nominal the Best （NTB） PMV values to yield the optimum design and locate the maximum affecting factors. (3)Evaluate the temperature, PMV, PPD of the underground space at different air volumes and different distances using the water cooling fans the actual measurement data and analyzed results are compared to verify the feasibility of the simulations processes. ? The constructed three-dimensional numerical model is introduced into the SolidWorks Flow Simulation, which is processed using Computational Fluid Dynamics（CFD）. With different spatial design criteria, the related terms of temperature and wind speed at different discrete points in the underground are used to calculate the PMV of thermal comfort and PPD. In order to evaluate the current thermal comfort, the “TM” is employed to examine the important factors of thermal comfort in the space of the underground. Following the research results, they conclude,（1）Based on the average values derived from the factors of the ventilation fans and the number of windows opened, it indicates that the temperature difference is only 0.08°C, PMV difference is 0.06, and PPD difference is 1.55%. Therefore, these two factors have no significant improvement to the thermal comfort in the underground.（2）After introducing the “TM” , the maximum control factor for the thermal comfort in the basement is the number of two rows on each side of the ventilation fan, and the minimum affecting factor is the position of the ventilation fans.（3）Placed water cooling fan, less than 10% error between actual measurement data and analyzed results. It is good promise for further simulation study.（4）In addition, regarding the improvement of the temperature, the indoor temperature can be lowered from 28.5°C to 26.3°C, with the improvement rate of 2.2°C. Therefore, it shows that the water cooling fan can improve indoor thermal comfort. |
