| 摘要: | 本研究目的在評估社區居民防火避難認知、防火避難設施之有效性認知及防火避難之自我效能這三個變項間之關係。研究選取台南市東區某里四棟大樓，共計154人，以結構式問卷，經專家效度、預試修正定稿，進行調查研究。問卷各層面信度Cronbachα值介於0.7-0.9之間。資料經譯碼後，以SPSS 20.0進行各變項之描述性統計、差異性分析、相關分析。研究結果發現：1.社區居民之防火避難認知、防火避難設施有效性認知與防火避難之自我效能，三者間關係達顯著水準。防火避難認知與防火避難設施有效性認知，可有效預測防火避難之自我效能。2. 社區居民對避難設備中的「緩降機」的效能程度是低的，反而是對避難逃生設備的「避難樓梯」的自我效能度較高。3.社區居民對「避難逃生」的認知愈高，反而對避難逃生自我能力的認知評估是較低的，兩者為負相關，原因值得進一步的探討。據此建議政府應重新規劃檢討，社區大樓居民的避難逃生模式、避難逃生設備、與安全教育訓練課程內容，以因應城市高樓化發展的需求。
This study is to assess the relationship among the community’s awareness of fire evacuation, fire evacuation facilities effectiveness of cognitive self-efficacy, and the refuge of fire, which are also the three variables in this study. The subjects consisted of 154 people habituating in four buildings in eastern Tainan. A structured questionnaire with the experts’ validity served as the pretest. The outcome of the questionnaire at all levels of reliability showed Cronbach α values between 0.7-0.9. Following the After the analysis of Cronbach, each variable’s data were coded by SPSS 20.0 for their descriptive statistics, including the difference analysis, correlation analysis.The results show three findings. First, the study found that the relationship among fire evacuation of residents’ awareness, self-efficacy perception and effectiveness of fire prevention refuge facilities fireproof refuge reached significant levels, which proved that fire evacuation and fire evacuation facilities cognitive effectiveness of cognitive, self-efficacy can predict fire refuge. Second, regarding to residents of asylum equipment, although "descent machine" degree of effectiveness is low, it is higher for evacuation escape devices' evacuation staircase "of self-efficacy. Finally, cognitive community residents' evacuation escape was the higher, but the ability of self-assessment of cognitive escape refuge was low, a negative correlation between the two, which will be the reason worthy of further discussion. Accordingly, the studiers recommend that the Government review the re-planning, evacuation escape patterns community building residents, evacuation escape equipment, and safety education and training curriculum be demanded due to urban development. |
