| 摘要: | 在比較 1993-1996 及 2005-2008 年的「台灣國民營養健康狀況變遷調查」中，顯示過重及肥胖的盛行率變遷情形， 31-44 歲的男性成長至 1.56 倍及 1.99 倍，而女生也有 2 成的成長率;男性過重者佔 50％，女性是 36％。文獻指出，得舒飲食（DASH）除了對於降低血壓有良好的治療效果，對於減重也有一定的成效。本研究是以 20-64 歲的一般民眾、其身體質量指數 (Body Mass Index, BMI)≧24 為受試對象，樣本數為 35 人（男性 5人，女性 30 人）。設計以得舒飲食（DASH）原則為主的營養教育課程，執行六週每週一次的衛教介入活動，整個研究期間為期三個月，藉以瞭解營養教育、體位及血液生化值之相關性。問卷調查內容包括飲食與營養相關之「問題與行為」、「習慣、自我監控、飲食計畫、與份量控制」及「知識」三大部份。結果顯示：體重減少者有 23 位、維持者有 1 位、增加者有 11 位，其減重數量範圍為 0.1 至 5 公斤。在營養教育介入前/後測比較中發現，受試者之飲食與營養調查（含行為、習慣、與知識）、體位評估（含體重、BMI、體脂肪）及血液生化值（含高密度脂蛋白）均有顯著差異性（p<0.05）；在個人部份，其「問題與行為」、「習慣、自我監控、與飲食計畫」及「知識」亦有顯著差異（p<0.05）；體重在介入前後的平均數為 73.9±15.0 vs. 73.2±15.3（p<0.05）。本研究所研發以得舒飲食為主之營養教育介入活動，對於體重控制具有正面成效。
In comparison of the reports of the “Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan (NAHSIT)” of 1993-1996 and 2005-2008, it indicated the changing growth rates of overweight and obesity. The overweight male population of the ages that ranged from 31-44 increased by 56% and 99% and female by 20%. Overall, 50% of the male and 36% of the female were overweight. Research showed some promising effects on lowering high blood pressure and reducing weight from the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet. The study participants of this research were general population of the ages ranging from 20-64 with BMI ≧ 24. The total of the sample was 35 (5 males and 30 females). The whole research lasted 3 months and was based on the principle of the DASH diet with the intervention during the 6-week (once per week) nutrition and health education class. The effectiveness of nutrition education programs, anthropometry and blood biochemistry were assessed. The questionnaire investigated three main parts concerning diet and nutrition: "problems & behavior", "habit, self-monitoring, planning diet, & weight control" and "knowledge". The results showed that twenty-three participants lost weight ranging from 0.1 to 5 kilogram, one participants remained the same, and eleven participants gained weight. In comparison of having the nutrition education programs before and after, were found, there were significant differences (p<0.05) in many aspects, containing diet and nutrition surveys ( including behavior, habit and knowledge), anthropometry assessment ( including weight, BMI and body fat) and blood biochemical ( including high density lipoprotein).Besides, in speaking of the individuals, the parts of "problems & behavior", "habit, self-monitoring, & planning diet" and" knowledge" had significant differences (p< 0.05). The comparison of average body weight of pre- and post-intervention was also shown significantly different, with 73.9± 15.0 vs. 73.2 ± 15.3 (p< 0.05). The study suggested that this DASH-based nutrition education intervention was found effective for weight management. |
