| 摘要: | 近年來國民所得提升，使得溫泉觀光越來越盛行，而現今溫泉使用已經不在只是浸泡部分，也有部分溫泉區提供遊客煮食或是製成化妝品等方式。近年溫泉水的取得已經不只由自湧泉、開鑿淺井等獲取，非溫泉區業者已開鑿深井獲取。水利署編撰之「溫泉開發及使用計畫書編制參考手冊」中，規定鑿井超過600公尺應檢測重金屬含量，目前國內相關溫泉重金屬含量對使用者影響相關研究稀少。其分析結果顯示砷的濃?在多數採樣點砷皆小於0.010mg/L，而採樣點最高的含有0.193 mg/L;汞濃度僅12個採樣點含量大於0.010mg/L，最高的含有0.031mg/L;鎘、鉻濃度於所有採樣點之樣品測值皆低於偵測極限，鉛僅8個採樣點濃度大於0.1mg/L，鎳有4個採樣點濃度大於0.1mg/L。銅濃?多數採樣點低於偵測極限，少數分布於0.001~0.015mg/L，最高者有0.403mg/L，鋅濃度多數分布於0.012~0.45mg/L。因此本研究探討其容許的口服劑量與浸泡時間是，根據美國環保署「健康風險評估白皮書」中的口服暴露計算式和浸泡暴露計算式中所得結果與參考劑量、致癌斜率結合所計算出健康風險，包含危害指數(Hazard Index, HI)與總致癌風險(R total)。評估指出未符合非致癌風險標準1以及致癌風險標準0.0001，大部分溫泉區皆不建議長期且規律飲用，但若單純以浸泡的觀點，其風險皆為可接受之範圍是安全無慮的。
In recent years, the usage of hot spring was not only for soak that some hot spring area provided visitors with cooking, food, make cosmetics and so on…. In recent years, to obtain hot-water not only fountain, drilled the shallow wells, non-hot spring area were drilled deep to get hot spring. Water Resource Agency (WRA) have published the regulation “Hot-spring development and use plan prepared Reference book”, that mentioned the well shaft sinking more than 600 meters should be tested for heavy metal content. The current relevant domestic research hot-spring heavy metal content was really few. Therefore, we survey all Taiwan’s hot spring heavy metal content in this study.The analysis results showed that arsenic concentrations are less than 0.010 mg/L in most sampling points, the highest is 0.193 mg/L; only 12 sampling points mercury concentration content greater than 0.010 mg/L, the highest containing 0.031 mg/L; all sampling points are below the cadmium, chromium concentrations detection limit; lead concentration greater than 0.1 mg/L, only 8 sampling points; the nickel has four sampling points concentration greater than 0.1 mg/L; most of the sampling point below copper concentration detection limit, a few distributed in 0.001~0.015 mg/L, the highest there is 0.403mg /L; the concentration of zinc in most distributed in 0.012~0.45 mg/L.In this study, we also investigated the allow oral dosage and soaking time which were according to the EPA ”Exposure Factors Handbook” oral exposure calculation formula and soak exposure formula. The results obtained in conjunction with the reference dose, slop carcinogenic to the calculated health risk, include Hazard Index (HI) and (R-total). The assessment noted that the non-cancer risk did not comply with the standard 1 and standard cancer risk 0.0001. Most hot-spring area neither the proposed long-term drinking, but if simply to soak in the view, the risks are both in the acceptable range. |
