中文摘要本實驗之目的在比較 Phyllanthus emblica L. (油柑果) 70% 乙醇萃物及水萃物在體外抗氧化活性以及 RAW264.7 巨噬細胞抗發炎活性之間的差異。結果顯示，油柑果 70% 乙醇、水萃取物中多酚類化合物的含量分別為 178.2 ± 0.66 Gallic acid Equivalent/g (GAE/g) 及 116.73 ± 2.26 GAE/g ，黃酮類的含量則分別為 12.30 ± 1.30 Quecetin Equivalent/g (QE/g) 及 8.05 ± 1.07 QE/g 。在總抗氧化 (trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, TEAC)、還原力 (reducing power) 及清除 DPPH 能力 (scavenging effect DPPH radicals) 實驗中， 70% 乙醇萃取物較水萃物的效果佳，也可以媲美維生素 C、E 及 butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) 等標準品。至於螯合亞鐵離子 (chelating effect on ferrous ions) 試驗中 70% 乙醇萃取物與水萃物無顯著的螯合 Fe2+ 能力。使用脂多醣 (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) 誘導 RAW264.7 細胞產生發炎反應，加入 70% 乙醇萃、水萃物於 24 小時之細胞存活率結果發現細胞存活率皆大於 80% 。加入 LPS 及樣品 4 小時後測細胞激素，發現油柑果乙醇、水萃物在 100 μg/mL 濃度下對介白素 6 (interleukin-6, IL-6) 的抑制率分別達 70% 及 60% ，介白素 12 (interleukin-12, IL-12) 的產生在 800 μg/mL 的濃度下增加 20% 且呈劑量效應，但其對腫瘤壞死因子 (tumor necrosis factor alpha, TNF-α) 的抑制效果則較不明顯。在西方墨點法分析結果發現 70% 乙醇萃取物及水萃物在 200 μg/mL 時可有效降低環氧化? -2 ( cyclooxygenase-2, COX-2 ) 蛋白質的產量，於 100 μg/mL 時可有效降低誘導型一氧化氮合? ( inducible NOS, iNOS ) 的蛋白質表現量。綜合以上所述油柑果 70% 乙醇萃取物具有比水萃物還良好的抗氧化活性但對 RAW264.7 細胞抗發炎活性測試不論乙醇或水萃物具有良好的抑制作用。 AbstractThe objectives of this study were to investigate the in vitro antioxidative and antiinflammatory activities of the 70% ethanol and water extracts of the Phyllanthus Emblica L. The amount of the polyphenol and flavone of the 70% ethanol and water extracts of the Phyllanthus Emblica L. determined in this study were 178.2 ± 0.66 Gallic acid Equivalent/g (GAE/g), 116.73 ± 2.26 GAE/g, 12.30 ± 1.30 Quecetin Equivalent/g (QE/g) and 8.05 ± 1.07 QE/g. The results from this experiment of Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC), Reducing Power, and Scavenging effect of DPPH radicals show that 70% ethanol extracts of the Phyllanthus Emblica L. work better than the water extracts of the Phyllanthus Emblica L. Both of the 70% ethanol and water extracts of the Phyllanthus Emblica L. show low chelating abilities on ferrous ions.The amount of interleukin-6 (IL-6) produced by RAW264.7 cells treated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) were significantly decreased (70%, and 60%) by the 70% ethanol and water extracts of the Phyllanthus Emblica L. at the concentration of 100 μg/mL. Moreover, the amount of the interleukin-12 (IL-12) produced by RAW264.7 cells treated with LPS were significantly increased (20%) by the 70% ethanol and water extracts of the Phyllanthus Emblica L. at the concentration of 800 μg/mL. There were no obvious effects on the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) by the extracts of the Phyllanthus Emblica L. The amounts of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) produced by RAW264.7 cells treated with LPS were significantly decreased by the 70% ethanol and water extracts of the Phyllanthus Emblica L. at the concentration of 200 μg/mL and 100 μg/mL. Based on these information the 70% ethanol extracts of the Phyllanthus Emblica L. has a better antioxidative activities than the water extracts of the Phyllanthus Emblica L. Both of the 70% ethanol and water extracts of the Phyllanthus Emblica L. show antiinflammatory effects on the LPS treated RAW264.7 cells .
