| 摘要: | Anmong the folk medicine of Taiwan, Pteris ensiformis has been used for treating diarrhea, go-nonhea, common cold and pyrexia l-3, Onychium Japonicum for enteritis, dysentery, abdominal cramps and pyrexia l,3 ; and Euphorbia chamaesyce for diarrhea wad dysentery. Euphorbia thymifolia, a species very close to Euphorbia chamaesyce, also used as an astringent for treating dysentery and diarrhea 4,5 Several constituents such as triterpenoids in Pteris ensiformis 6 ; kaempferol dirhanmo-side, flavonoids, pteroside M., chicoric acid in Onychium japonicum 7-10 ; myricyl alcohol, taxareol,tirucallol, hemitracontane, apigenin-7-glucoside and three different alkaloids named compound A,compound B and compound C in Euphorbia thymifolia 11-13 were found. Recently, the cyclolaudenone, cyclolaudenol and kaempferol-3,7-dirhamnoside, pterosin M in Onychitym japonicum 14 also had been found. Beside the antidiuretic and astringent action of kaempferol as described in Japanese Pharmaco-poeia15. and the antibacterial action of two alkaloids, compound A and compound C, on E. coli and Bacillus subtilis from Euphorbia thymifolia reported by Jabbar and Khan13, it has not been established as to which components or to what extent these components were responsible for treating diarrhea and dysentery by these plants. Meanwhile, the combined aqueous extract form Pteris ensiformis,Onychium japonicum and Euphorbia chamaesyce were used more widely for diarrhea and dysentery treatment than individual one. Therefore, the studies on the pharmacological actions of this combined folk medicine became necessary and interesting. In the present investigation, these three plants were mixed and extracted witb boiling water, then the aqueous extract was extracted with dfferent orgaoic solvents.The pharmaoological properties of the aqueous extract and other fractions were studied in order to identify and clarify the actions of this folk medicine.
在臺灣的民問藥中，由箭葉鳳尾草(Pteris ensiformis Burm. f.).日本金粉蕨(Onychium ja-ponicum (Thunb) Kunze)及小飛揚草(Euphorbia chamaesyce L.)三種植物所組成的複方的水抽出物，常用來治療下痢及赤痢。在本研究中，以動物為對象，欲證實及探討此民間藥的藥理作用。此三種植物等量混合後，先以沸水抽取，所得的水抽出物再依序用乙醚、醋酸乙酯(Ethyl acetate)及正丁醇(n-butanol)進行分配(Partition)。水抽出物經由腹腔注射於小白鼠，共半致死劑量為2.895毫克/克體重。水、乙醚、醋酸乙酯及正丁醇的抽出物分別均能對(甲)天竺鼠廻腸的蠕動反射(乙)天竺鼠廻腸對組織胺及乙醯膽的收縮反應(丙)天竺鼠氣管平滑肌對組織胺的收縮反應，產生顯著的抑制作用。在這些抽出物中，以乙醚抽出物的作用最強。對小雞的頸二腹肌(Biventer cervicis muscle)，乙醚抽出物可引起祌徑肌肉傳導阻斷，醋酸乙酯的抽出物會引起痙攣及神經肌肉傳導阻斷，而正丁醇抽出物則引起肌肉的痙攣。水、乙醚、醋酸乙酯及正丁醇的抽出物，分別靜脈注射於家兔則引起下列作用:動脈壓下降、呼吸率增加、腸弛緩隨伴著抑制腸運動。然而乙醚抽出物所造戌的血壓改變是雙相性的，即血壓先下降隨後上升。由這些結果可知此種民間藥可作用於動物體的多種組織，而且對腸平滑肌的抑制效果更佳。 |
