| 摘要: | 研究目的：本研究旨在透過個案企業安全文化之評量及調查，以探討其安全文化現況，並探討影響事故發生之因素。 材料與方法：研究對象為雲林地區某金屬製造工廠之員工，利用結構式問卷，訪問該工廠員工對於安全文化之認知，總共發出250份問卷，實際回收問卷總計225 份。統計方法是以t-test檢驗兩組不同連續變項間的差異；三組以上的比較則以變異數分析(ANOVA)；探討事故與交通事故發生的原因，則以邏輯斯迴歸分析。本研究是以SPSS套裝軟體20版分析，以0.05作為統計顯著水準。 結果:就員工背景變項：性別、血型、年資、家庭狀況、年齡、教育程度、職位、部門，分析其在安全文化上13個向度(安全政策、安全動機、主管督導、安全知識、安全承諾、安全訓練、安全優先、安全涉入、安全溝通、安全獎懲、風險管理、安全環境、安全管理系統)及整體安全文化之差異，分析結果發現，「職位」、「性別」、「年齡」、「教育程度」、「部門」、「年資」在安全文化各向度或整體安全文化達顯著水準；「血型」則是完全沒有出現顯著水準。 結論:不同員工背景變項「職位」、「性別」、「年齡」、「教育程度」、「部門」、「年資」在安全文化各向度或整體安全文化有顯著差異，且在整體安全文化之平均數皆在4以上，顯示員工對公司安全文化已有高度之認同度，其安全管理已有一定的水準。最後依研究之結論，對個案企業及後續研究者提出相關的改進意見。
To evaluate the level of safety culture in the manufacturing industries by case study and to explore the factors associated with accidents. Design and methods: Subjects whowe studied are all employees of a metal manufacturing company. To obtain information about safety culture and accidents, we performed questionnaire interview with all employee of the company. There are totally 250 questionnaires sent and 225 out of 250 were collected. Descriptive data were shown as means and SDs for a continuous variable, and Student’s t test and χ2 test were used for assessing the differences between nominal variables. one-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) was used for different groups. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI were calculated to estimate the relative risk of traffic accidents and incidents. All statistical analyses were performed with SPSS statistical software package (version 20.0; SPSS, Chicago,IL). A P value _0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: In the variable based on the employees’ background(the gender, blood type, seniority, family’s status, age, education, job position, department), we processed the analyses in 13 different aspects which include safety’s policy, safety motivation, surveillance, safety knowledge, safety guarantee, safety training, safety priority, safety interference, safety communication, safety’s rewards and punishments, risk’s assessment, secure surroundings, safety’s management system, and the differences in whole safety’s culture in company. The outcome reveals in analysis that safety culture reaches remarkable level in aspects of job position, gender, age, education, department and seniority. The blood type doesn’t works prominent at all though. Conclusion: The variable based on different employees’ background of job position, gender, age, education, department, seniority reach remarkable level in safety’s culture of all aspects or whole safety’s culture. Moreover, the score over 4 points in whole safety’s culture tells the employees highly identify the safety’s culture in company and reach certain level in safety management. After all, we provide the enterprise of independent case from this study and other reach worker in future with relative opinions for improvement based on the conclusion from this study. |
