| 摘要: | 本研究目的在評估不同花色之仙丹花和其他開花植物花朵之熱水萃取物其抗氧化、抗發炎、抗菌功效及細胞毒性。實驗選用的植物品種為矮仙丹（Ixora × williamsii ‘Sunkist’）、矮粉仙丹（Ixora × williamsii ‘Dwarf Pink’）、矮白仙丹（Ixora × williamsii ‘Dwarf Alba’）、矮黃仙丹（Ixora × williamsii ‘Dwarf Yellow’）、大王仙丹（Ixora duffii ‘Super King’）、金露花（Duranta repens Linn.）與馬纓丹（Lantana camara Linn.）等開花植物。取其花朵部分，以熱水進行萃取，再將其萃出物以真空冷凍乾燥後，才進行一系列之多重生物活性評估試驗。 在抗氧化試驗結果中，顯示以I. × w. Dwarf Yellow水萃物的抗氧化能力最佳，其總酚含量為194.60 ± 0.63 mg GAE/g extract；總類黃酮含量為168.45 ± 0.63 mg CE/g extract；清除DPPH•之EC50為23.12 ± 0.45 μg/mL；還原力能力之EC50為17.35 ± 0.85 μg/mL；Trolox當量總抗氧化能力試驗中，其Trolox含量為2.204 ± 0.01 mmol TE/g extract；而抑制脂質過氧化能力中，以I. × w. Dwarf Pink表現最佳，其抑制率為88.85 ± 0.48 %；但在螯合亞鐵離子能力中，所有樣品之EC50皆大於3 mg/mL。在抗發炎試驗結果中，經玻尿酸酶譜法測試後，發現樣品中除D. repens和L. camara無法抑制HAase的活性之外，其餘皆有抑制HAase活性之作用。在抗菌試驗中，經紙錠擴散法測試後發現在革蘭氏陽性菌方面，I. × w. Sunkist對Staphylococcus aureus的抑菌圈為12.67 ± 0.58 mm，而I. × w. Dwarf Yellow對Bacillus subtilis的抑菌圈為13.17 ± 0.29 mm；在革蘭氏陰性菌方面，I. Super King對Escherichia coli的抑菌圈為10.50 ± 0.50 mm，而L. camara對Pseudomonas aeruginosa的抑菌圈為10.17 ± 0.76 mm；但在酵母菌部分，所有樣品對Candida albicans皆無抑制之作用，進一步的MIC及MMC試驗中，其濃度皆大於1000 μg/mL。最後，在細胞存活率試驗中，I. × w. Dwarf Pink及I. × w. Dwarf Alba不具有細胞毒性，且I. × w. Dwarf Alba還具有促進細胞增生之作用；I. × w. Sunkist、I. × w. Dwarf Yellow、I. Super King及D. repens則為低細胞毒性；而L. camara雖為亦為低毒性，但隨著劑量之上升，細胞存活率會隨著下降。
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-microorganism and cytotoxicity in flowers of different colors from Ixora and other flowering plants, then they were extracted with boiled water. The kinds of plants were Ixora × williamsii ‘Sunkist’, Ixora × williamsii ‘Dwarf Pink’, Ixora × williamsii ‘Dwarf Alba’, Ixora duffii ‘Super King’, Duranta repens Linn. and Lantana camara Linn. Extracts of these flowers were prepared by hot water, and lyophilized into dry powders to evaluate the series of biological activity. For the anti-oxidation activity assay, the extracts of I. × w. Dwarf Yellow showed the best antioxidant capacity, then the total phenolic content was 194.60 ± 0.63 mg GAE/g extract; the total flavonoid content was 168.45 ± 0.63 mg CE/g extract; for the scavenging effect of DPPH•, the EC50 was 23.12 ± 0.45 μg/mL; for the reducing power capacity test, the EC50 was 17.35 ± 0.85 μg/mL; for the Trolox equivalent total antioxidant capacity assay, the Trolox content was 2.204 ± 0.01 mmol TE/g extract; for the inhibition of lipid peroxidation assay, the extracts of I. × w. Dwarf Pink showed the best result, and the inhibition rate was 88.85 ± 0.48%; but on the study of ferrous ion chelating ability, all the sample’s EC50 value were above 3 mg/mL. For the anti-inflammatory activity assay, by the HA-zymography method, all the samples could inhibit the HAase activity, except D. repens and L. camara.The antimicrobial activity was determined by paper disc diffusion assay, in anti-Gram-positive bacteria, I. × w. Sunkist displayed the highest inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus, and the inhibitory zones was 12.67 ± 0.58 mm, then I. × w. Dwarf Yellow showed the highest inhibitory effects against Bacillus subtilis, the inhibition zone was 13.17 ± 0.29 mm; in anti-Gram-negative bacteria, I. Super King displayed the highest inhibitory effects agains Escherichia coli, and the inhibitory zones was 10.50 ± 0.50 mm, then L. camara showed the highest inhibitory effects against Pseudomonas aeruginosa , the inhibition zone was 10.17 ± 0.76 mm; however, the anti-microbial activity in yeast, all the samples were no inhibitiory ability against Candida albicans; on the MIC and MMC test, the concentration of extract was above 1000 μg/mL. Finally, for the cell viability test, I. × w. Dwarf Pink and I. × w. Dwarf Alba had no cytotoxicity, and I. × w. Dwarf Alba seemed to be able to promote the cell proliferation; while I. × w. Sunkist, I. × w. Dwarf Yellow, I. Super King and D. repens had low cytotoxicity; although it is low cytotoxicity in L. camara, when extract’s dose increased and the cells would decrease the survival rate. |
