Enhancement of transdermal apomorphine delivery with a diester prodrug strategy

doi:10.1016/j.ejpb.2011.01.024

CNU IR > Pharmacy and Science > Dept. of Pharmacy > Periodical Articles > Item 310902800/27068

Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://ir.cnu.edu.tw/handle/310902800/27068

Title:	Enhancement of transdermal apomorphine delivery with a diester prodrug strategy
Authors:	Liu, Kuo-Sheng K.C.Sung Saleh, A.Al-Suwayeh Ku, Ming-Chuan Chu, Chin-Chen Wang, Jhi-Joung Fang, Jia-You
Contributors:	藥物科技研究所
Keywords:	Apomorphine Prodrugs Diesters Transdermal delivery Skin Lipid emulsions
Date:	2011-08
Issue Date:	2013-10-25 15:33:43 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	Elsevier
Abstract:	Diester prodrugs of apomorphine, diacetyl apomorphine (DAA), and diisobutyryl apomorphine (DIA) were synthesized, and their partition coefficients, capacity factor (log K′), enzymatic hydrolysis, and in vitro permeation across nude mouse skin were characterized. The lipophilicity of the diesters was between that of apomorphine HCl and the apomorphine base. The prodrugs were chemically stable, but enzymatically unstable in esterase medium, skin homogenate, and human plasma. DAA showed a faster hydrolysis in plasma compared to DIA. Total fluxes (nmol/cm2/h) of the parent drug and prodrug were significantly greater after topical treatment with the diesters in aqueous solutions (water, 30% polyethylene glycol in water, and 30% glycerol in water) compared to treatment with HCl and base forms of apomorphine. DIA flux from deionized water was 51 nmol/cm2/h, which exceeded the flux of apomorphine HCl by 10-fold. The extent of parent drug regeneration after topical application ranged 51–88% and 34–61% for DAA and DIA, respectively, depending on the vehicles selected. Permeation measurements using intact and stratum corneum-stripped skins demonstrated that the viable epidermis/dermis was an important barrier to prodrug permeation. Nano-sized lipid emulsions were also used as carriers for apomorphine and its prodrugs. Diester prodrugs exhibited superior skin permeation compared to the parent drug when formulated into the emulsions. DAA and DIA fluxes from lipid emulsions were 11- and 3-fold higher than that of apomorphine HCl. The results in the present work suggest the feasibility of diester prodrugs for the transdermal delivery of apomorphine.
Relation:	European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, 78(3), pp.422-431
Appears in Collections:	[Dept. of Pharmacy] Periodical Articles

Files in This Item:

File	Description	Size	Format
index.html		0Kb	HTML	2041	View/Open

Loading...