| 摘要: | 黑頭慌蟻(Tapinoma melanocephalum)是台灣家屋中常見的騷擾性螞蟻，本研究自市面上採購並配製包括3種劑型（固體、凝膠及液體）及5種有效成分（芬普尼、愛美松、益達胺、硼酸、硼砂）的螞蟻餌劑，連續五週進行對黑頭慌蟻族群的防治效果評估。餌劑的劑型是影響黑頭慌蟻防治效果的主要因素，液體餌劑的效果明顯優於凝膠餌劑及固體餌劑。結果顯示液體餌劑試驗組處理後第3週，對黑頭慌蟻的工蟻、蟻后及子代均達100%的防治效果。凝膠餌劑試驗組對黑頭慌蟻的工蟻、蟻后及子代的最佳防治率分別為95.4%、74.7%及100%。固體餌劑試驗組對黑頭慌蟻的工蟻、蟻后及子代的最佳防治率分別為5.8%、-13.0%及78.1%。因為螞蟻只有幼蟲能取食固體食物，所以固體餌劑對子代的防治效果較工蟻及蟻后佳。一個適合防治黑頭慌蟻的餌劑，應該以能抑制整個族群數量為目標，而不是只有防治在外取食的工蟻。本研究以整個族群評估不同餌劑對黑頭慌蟻的工蟻、蟻后及子代的防治效果，我們認為以硼酸調製具吸引力的液體餌劑進行黑頭慌蟻的防治是經濟可行的。
Laboratory colonies of the ghost ant, Tapinoma melanocephalum (F.) were administered ant baits containing three bait formulation (solid bait, gel bait, or liquid bait) and five insecticides (fipronil, hydramethylnon, imidacloprid, boric acid, or borax). Colonies were exposed to the baits, and development of workers, queens, and brood (larvae and pupae) was observed for 5 weeks. The result indicates that the ant bait formulations affected the bait effectiveness. In conclusion, liquid bait formulation was more effective in controlling the ghost ant than gel bait and solid bait. With liquid bait (boron compounds), 100% mortality of workers, queens, and brood was reached at the end of the third week. With gel bait, the maximum of mean percentage reduction in workers, queens, and brood was 95.4%, 74.7% and 100%, respectively. With solid bait, the maximum of mean percentage reduction in workers, queens, and brood was 5.8%, -13.0% and 78.1%, respectively. The workers will take the solid bait back to the nest for the larvae to digest and feed to the colony. Therefore the solid bait was more effective in controlling the larval than worker and queen. The aim to develop more effective bait formulation should be able to suppress the ant population instead of merely reducing the foraging ants. This research was on an aspect of the whole colonies, evaluated the control efficacy against worker, queen and brood of the ghost ants. Our research has demonstrated that to formulate an attractive liquid ant bait with boric acid to control the ghost ant would be economically and practicably. |
