過去研究顯示，臍帶血含有低於0.2％的造血幹細胞（CD34+），在液體撞擊腦創傷（FPI）的動物實驗模式，具有減少神經受損的功效。本研究主要是純化臍帶血的CD34+細胞（大於95%），研究幹細胞改善FPI大鼠的機轉。實驗大鼠共分三組：（1）對照組；（2）FPI並移植CD34-細胞 （5x105臍帶血淋巴球與單核球，含有0.2％CD34+細胞）；（3）FPI並移植CD34+細胞（5x105臍帶血淋巴球與單核球，含有95％CD34+細胞）。FPI四天後評估實驗大鼠的行為障礙與腦梗塞、發炎、細胞凋亡、血管生成和神經再生。與對照組相比，CD34-細胞治療FPI大鼠，仍有運動與認知障礙、腦梗塞、細胞凋亡和發炎現象。藉由CD34+細胞治療，可以明顯減緩FPI導致的神經損傷與腦梗塞、細胞凋亡和發炎現象。此外，CD34+細胞可以移至受損腦部，有效地促使受損區域的血管新生與神經再生。
本研究結果顯示，純化臍帶血CD34+造血幹細胞，對於減緩創傷性腦損傷的大鼠，可能具有療效。 Umbilical cord blood contained <0.2% CD34+ cells have been shown to be beneficial in reducing neurological deficits in animals after fluid percussion injury（FPI）. This study aimed to generate cord blood-derived CD34+ cells（>95%）and to investigate the mechanisms underlying their beneficial effects in treating FPI in rats. Rats were divided into three groups:（1）sham operation; （2）FPI+CD34- cells（5×105 cord blood lymphocytes and monocytes that containing <0.2% CD34+ cells）; and （3） FPI+CD34+ cells（5×105 cord blood lymphocytes and monocytes that contained 95% CD34+ cells）. Behavioral dysfunction and brain infarction, inflammation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and neurogenesis were evaluated 4 days post FPI. As compared to sham operation controls, CD34- -treated FPI rats had motor and cognitive dysfunctions and cerebral infarction, apoptosis, and inflammation. FPI-induced neurological dysfunction and cerebral infarction, apoptosis, and inflammation could be significantly attenuated by CD34+ cell therapy. In addition, CD34+ cells migrated to the injured brain regions and significantly promoted both angiogenesis and neurogenesis in the injured brain.
The results indicate that therapy using umbilical cord blood-derived CD34+ cells may be beneficial in attenuating traumatic brain injury in rats.
