| 摘要: | 本研究以問卷調查中年婦女更年期症狀與睡眠品質，並探討可能的影響因素。共發出問卷300份，回收率為83%，有效問卷219份，有效問卷回收率為73%。
與亞洲婦女比較，台灣婦女更年期症狀嚴重程度較低，分別為極輕（1.09±1.17）佔42.4%；較輕（5.76±1.59）佔32.7%；中等或嚴重（12.84±4.10）佔24.9%。受訪婦女壓力較大者佔58.2%，壓力較小者佔41.8%。壓力高的婦女其更年期症狀較嚴重。肥胖的婦女更年期症狀亦較嚴重，容易出現胸悶、心悸、心跳不規則；頻尿、漏尿；煩躁、易怒以及熱潮紅問題。
睡眠品質以匹茲堡睡眠品質量表（Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index，PSQI)測量，受訪婦女睡眠品質平均分數為4.83±3.42，睡眠品質良好者佔51.1%，平均睡眠時間為7.23±1.47小時，需30~60分入睡者佔68.7%，每週少於1次會有半夜或清晨醒來、需要上廁所、呼吸無法順暢等，使睡眠產生困擾佔72.4%，每週兩次以上佔18.2%，極少部分為無此狀況佔9.4%。「睡眠品質主觀滿意度」部分：“還算好”佔57.6%。
中年婦女更年期症狀（r=0.588，p<0.01）、壓力程度（r=0.333，p<0.01）與睡眠品質有顯著正相關，家庭生活有顯著負相關（r=-0.236，p<0.01）；無需要使用「就醫」（4.13±2.59 vs. 7.51±4.59，p<0.001）、「中藥調理」（4.61±3.24 vs. 7.41±4.23，p<0.01）及「助眠藥物」（4.32±2.71 vs. 8.11±5.11，p<0.001）以改善睡眠障礙之中年婦女比需要改善的睡眠品質較為良好。
更年期症狀、壓力程度與家庭生活對中年婦女的睡眠品質最具影響力，由複迴歸分析檢測結果發現可預測睡眠品質的變異量為36.9%。
This study assessed menopausal symptom and sleep quality in middle-aged women, and explored the possible influencing factors. 300 copies of questionnaires were sent, and the valid recovery was 73% (219 copies).
Compared with Asian women, the average menopausal rating scores (MRS) of women in Taiwan was lower. The percentages (MRS score) of extremely light, light and moderate to severe menopausal symptom were 42.4% (1.09 ± 1.17), 32.7% (5.76 ± 1.59) and 24.9% (12.84 ± 4.10), respectively. 58.2% surveyed women had higher pressure according to Perceived Stress Scale，（PSS）. Women with high PSS or BMI（≥27） had more serious menopausal symptoms. Obese women were prone to chest tightness, palpitations, irregular heartbeat; frequent micturition, urinary leakage, irritability and hot flashes.
Sleep quality was evaluated with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The average score of respondents was 4.83 ± 3.42. Women with fair sleep quality accounted for 51.1%. The average sleep time was 7.23±1.47 hours, 30 to 60 minute of sleep latency accounted for 68.7%. Women who were disturbed during sleep by interrupted with arousing, urinating or breathing less than once and twice per week were 72.4%, as well as 18.2%. Only 9.4% never had such problem. Subjective satisfaction of sleep quality in respondents expressed with "fairly good" was 57.6%.
The MRS (r = 0.588, P <0.01) and PSS (r = 0.333, P <0.01) of middle-aged women positively correlated with PSQI, while family life negatively correlated (r = -0.236, P <0.01).
Those who used to take different methods to improve sleep quality had much higher PSQI (4.13 ± 2.59 vs. 7.51 ± 4.59, P <0.001). They included "Herbal Treatment" (4.61 ± 3.24 vs. 7.41 ± 4.23, P <0.01) and "Sleep drug"(4.32 ± 2.71 vs. 8.11 ± 5.11, P <0.001).
Finally, according to multiple regression analysis (enter method), the sleep quality of middle-aged women was influenced by MRS, PSS, and family life. 36.9% of sleep quality variance could be explained. |
