| 摘要: | 持續推動社區家戶廚餘堆肥再利用為現階段環保單位之工作重點，國內臺中、臺南等執行機構推動社區廚餘堆肥再利用之成效良好且廚餘堆肥化數量持續增加，廚餘去化主要為堆肥場及家戶/社區桶裝堆肥桶進行堆肥作業。惟歷年來家戶廚餘桶裝堆肥化過程及成品特性不盡相同，亟需探討最適化的堆肥操作條件。因此本研究以臺南市環保局廚餘桶裝堆肥方式進行不同進料方式、醱酵材菌種、液肥迴流比及廚餘醱酵材配比等參數堆肥化操作，探討廚餘桶裝堆肥化之最佳化操作條件。
研究結果發現經過不同進料方式、菌種、液肥迴流及配比的家戶廚餘堆肥桶，固態成品特性中含水率介於13.5~27.5%；有機質介於69.4~84.1%；pH介於7.20~7.99；氮、磷、鉀分別為2.17~2.85%、0.58~0.79%及0.52~0.77%，皆達到雜項堆肥標準。在有機液肥成品特性中氮、磷及鉀含量分別介於0.10~0.17%、0.11~0.19%及0.23~0.48%皆達到標準。由固、液相成品特性分析結果，考量符合雜項堆肥品質規範和液肥累積量、有機質、氮、磷、鉀等特性後彙整出最佳操作參數為採用進料混堆法、臺中農改場菌種、液肥迴流50%、進料配比蔬果/醱酵材8: 1，本研究成果可供後續執行機關推動家戶廚餘桶裝堆肥化之參考。
In Tainan, both central and local competent authorities have set the promotion of food waste recycling as the priority policy of municipal solid waste recycling management. Consequently, the efficiencies of food waste is good and the amount of recycling on food waste via composting is larger and larger in Taichung, Tainan and other implementing authorities. The major methods used for composting recycling to composting in plants and barrel-typed composting. However, the characteristics of the products from different operation condition by the barrel-typed reactor vary and have not been evaluated in detail.
This research aims to examine the effects of optional operation condition on the characteristics of food waste composting products via barrel-typed reactor. The control parameters include the different feeding material method, fermentation strains, leachate recycling ratio and material inlet food waste fermentation material ratio.
Results show that under different control control parameter, the moisture contents of composting products in the solid product characteristics range between 13.5~27.5%； the organic matter contents range between 69.4~84.1%； the pHs are in the range of 7.20~7.99；contents of N, P, K were 2.17~2.85%, 0.58~0.79% and 0.52~0.77% respectively, all in consent with the miscellaneous composting standard. However, the characteristic of organic liquid fertilizer are fully consistent with regulate std, with N, P, K of 0.10~0.17%、0.11~0.19% and 0.23~0.48%, respectively. In order to be consistent with miscellaneous compost quality specifications, getting the maximum of leachate production, content of organic matter, N, P and K the optimum operating parameters is controlling feeding material Mixed heap, ratio (fruits and vegetables/fermentation material) to be 8:1, using Taichung agricultural improvement farm bacteria as seeding , and adjusting the leachate recycling ratio to be 50%.
Results of this research can be helpful for the subsequent promotion of household food waste composting by the barrel reactor. |
