| Abstract: | 製造業對促進我國經濟發展及提供勞工就業貢獻良多，但由於其安全衛生管理制度較不完善，產生工安事故風險相形之下較一般高科技產業的大型企業來得高，因此製造業中的中小型企業導入職業安全衛生管理的議題也越來越受到重視。製造業中的中小型企業因侷限於人力資源及財力，不易建置要求嚴格的OHSAS 18001及TOSHMS（Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series 18001 and Taiwan Occupational Safety and Health Management System）管理系統，導致職安衛管理無法有效推行，故經常發生意外，使作業的勞工發生職業災害的比例也相對越來越高。
本研究調查製造業中的中小型企業未推行職業安全衛生管理系統或台灣職業安全衛生管理系統（OHSAS 18001或TOSHMS）驗證的47家廠商、通過職業安全衛生管理系統（OHSAS 18001）驗證的28家廠商及通過職業安全衛生管理系統、台灣職業安全衛生管理系統（OHSAS 18001及TOSHMS）驗證的30家廠商。
由問卷分析結果，我國製造業中的中小型企業未推行OHSAS 18001或TOSHMS的原因最主要是因行政院勞委會無任何補助辦法及推行職安衛管理系統會增加輔導及驗證的費用支出及在職安衛管理系統推動過程中會增加大量的系統文件及紀錄表單。我國製造業中的中小型企業在僅建置OHSAS18001的情況下，在研究變數的相關分析，結果為其通過OHSAS 18001驗證後執行現況與安全衛生績效的改變具有顯著正向相關，意指執行的成果關係到安全衛生績效指標，也就是說二者是相互影響、息息相關的。我國製造業中的中小型企業同時建置OHSAS18001及TOSHMS的情況下，在研究變數的相關分析，結果為其建置的動機與驗證後的執行現況、驗證後的執行現況與安全衛生績效的改變及建置的動機與安全衛生績效的改變等，具有顯著正向相關，也就是說建置的動機、驗證後的執行現況及安全衛生績效三者形成連帶關係，所以中小型企業建置職業安全衛生管理系統的動機非常重要，建置動機是由多種不同層次與性質的需求所組成的，而各種需求間有高低層次之分，視每個層次的需求與滿足的程度，將決定執行成果及安全衛生績效指標發展的境界。
Our manufacturing industry has more contribution to economic development and the labor employment, but because of health and safety management system still is not perfect in the manufacturing industry, the industrial safety accident risk of contrast compared to large enterprises in high-tech industry in general is much higher, so small and medium manufacturing enterprises into the occupational safety and health management issues is paid more attention. Small and medium manufacturing enterprises limited to people power resources and financial capability, not easy to build requirements stringent of OHSAS 18001 and TOSHMS (Occupational the Health and Safety Assessment the Series 18001 & Taiwan Occupational Safety and the Health Management, the System) management system, lead to occupational safety guard tube for processing can not be effective implementation, it is often an accident, make the job of Labor occupational accidents, the proportion of relatively much higher.
In this study, the investigation for small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises is not the implementation of occupational safety and health management system or the Occupational Safety and Health Management System (of OHSAS 18001 or TOSHMS) validated 47 companies, and the Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OHSAS 18001) authentication is 28 companies are verified by the manufacturers and by the Occupational Health and Safety management System, Taiwan Occupational Health and Safety management System (OHSAS 18001 and TOSHMS) 30 companies.
From the questionnaire analysis, small and medium enterprises in Taiwan's manufacturing industry is not the implementation of OHSAS 18001 or TOSHMS the reason is mainly due to the Council of Labor Affairs has no way of subsidies and implementation of occupational safety and health management system will increase counseling and verification of expenses and in-service health and safety management system to promote the process will increase the form of a large number of documents and records. Small and medium enterprises in Taiwan's manufacturing industry in the case of only build OHSAS18001, correlation analysis of the study variables, the results of its executive changes in the current situation and the health and safety performance verification by OHSAS 18001 has a significant positive correlation, meaning the implementation of the results related to the health and safety performance indicators, which means that the two affect each other, closely related. Small and medium-sized enterprises in Taiwan's manufacturing industry at the same time build OHSAS18001 and TOSHMS of the case, the change in the current situation of the executive after executive correlation analysis of the study variables, the results of its incentive to build and verify the
current status of validation and health and safety performance and build motivation and change in health and safety performance, with a significant positive correlation, that is build the motivation, the current status of the execution verified and health and safety performance of the three formed a joint relationship between the small and medium-sized enterprises to build the Occupational Safety health management system is a very important motivation, build motivation by a variety of different levels and the nature of demand between the various needs of each level of the hierarchy of points, depending on demand and to meet the extent, will determine the implementation of results the realm of health and safety performance indicators. |
