| 摘要: | 本研究針對四種自製拜香（料香、新山香、老山香、沉香）添加四種市售炭材（竹炭、備長炭、木炭、活性炭），先將各材料粉碎後進行熱分析（TGA、DTG、DSC），分別解析各項拜香原料之燃燒特徵；再以固相採樣模組全量收集並分析拜香燃煙之物理、化學特性，探討添加不同炭材質成分對於拜香燃煙特徵之影響。研究結果顯示，添加炭材於拜香成分中，將增加拜香之燃燒速率、減少懸浮微粒、固相多環芳香烴化合物（P-PAHs）及總毒性當量（Total-BaPeq）之排放。其可能之機制有二：添加炭材質增加總熱值，燃燒時亦提高燃燒溫度及效率，減少燃燒因悶燒所產生之懸浮微粒，亦可能使P-PAHs因不耐高溫而裂解；此外，部分炭材質之燃點較高（如活性炭），在拜香燃燒過程部分炭材質將扮演填充物的角色，在同質量的拜香燃燒時，添加炭材質則相對的會有較少的有機物被燃燒，因而減少所產生之懸浮微粒及P-PAHs。其中，由於竹炭相對於其他炭材之燃燒溫度最低、且最大失重速率對應溫度（DTGMAX）、熱流最大對應溫度（DSCMAX）與四種拜香原料最為接近，將研續拜香燃燒熱量，增加拜香燃燒效率與溫度，平均可使懸浮微粒減量55％、固相多環芳香烴化合物（P-PAHs）減量40％，總毒性當量（Total-BaPeq）減量53％，本研究成果將可作為研發製造低汙染拜香之重要參考依據。
The incense custom is quite prevalent and hard to control effectively in Taiwan, so that incense smoke becomes the indoor air pollutant that most citizen frequently contact. Our study aims at four kinds of homemade incense(Liao incense, Shin Shan incense, Lao Shan incense, Chen incense) mixed with four kinds of sold charcoal texture(bamboo charcoal, charcoal, wood charcoal, activated charcoal). We use gas-solid phase sample module to collect total amount, also analysis the physical and chemical properties of combusted incense smoke. After these process, we could probe into the feasibilty of incense mixed with charcoal texture, and decide the best type of charcoal textur mixed with incense.
The result of study shows that these four kinds of substance have similar impacts in various characteristics of incense smoke, such as combustion time, combustion rate, suspended particles emission coefficient of combusted incense, solid-phase polycyclic aerobic compounds. In addition, adding wood charcoal into incense could decrease combustion time, increase combustion rate, and reduce the emission amount of suspended particles effectively. Howevevr, for emission coefficient of solid-phase polycyclic aromatic compounds, there are no relatively obvious improvements. |
