如同哺乳類動物出生後幼體身上帶有來自母體的抗體，家禽之卵黃中亦含
有來自母體之抗體。禽類在接受到抗原感染後，會產生免疫球蛋白並貯存
於蛋黃中，由於家禽蛋中的抗體存在於蛋黃，因此稱為IgY（immunoglobulin
of egg yolk）。與傳統利用融合瘤方式生產單株抗體相較，利用雞蛋生產抗
體有技術門檻低、成本低、產量高、不必犧牲動物等優點。本實驗以
Edwardsiella tarda 及Aeromonas hydrophila 兩種菌注射來亨雞誘發免疫，以
生產含特異性IgY 抗體之雞蛋，測試IgY 抗體是否可抑制病原菌之生長，
最後以蛋粉餵食吳郭魚測試IgY 是否可有效提高魚隻在遭受病原菌感染時
之存活率。此外嘗試以異源表達蛋白生產特異性IgY 抗體，希望提高抗體
對魚隻的保護效力。本研究結果顯示A.hydrophila 作為全菌抗原免疫雞隻可
在六週時間內，得到效價高於控制組625 倍的IgY 抗體，若以E. tarda 作為
抗原時則效價高於控制組125 倍。當IgY 抗體稀釋5 倍與病原菌共同培養
時，可抑制病原菌之生長。當魚隻感染E. tarda 5 × 107 CFU/ml 時，持續以
IgY 蛋粉50%混和飼料粉，餵食吳郭魚可使其存活率由5%提高至50%，感
染E. tarda 1 × 107 CFU/ml 時，IgY 蛋粉30%及50%混和飼料粉持續餵食，
可使其存活率由25%提高至60%及70%。因此若能在感染後餵食魚隻特異
性IgY 蛋粉，可提高魚隻受感染時之存活率。 In mammals, maternal antibodies can be transferred to the offspring via
placenta. In poultry, birds transmit maternal antibodies to their offspring by
depositing the antibodies in the egg. The Immunoglobulin Y is a type of
immunoglobulin which is the major antibody in avian. The use of chickens for
the production of polyclonal antibodies provides several advantages over other
methods of antibody production in mammals. In contrast to mammalian serum,
chicken IgY is low cost, high yield, without sacrificing the animals. In this study,
Edwardsiella tarda and Aeromonas hydrophila were used to immunize Leghorn
chicken to produced antigen specific IgY antibodies. These antibodies were
intended to be used as oral vaccine against pathogen infection. The titer of
anti-A.hydrophila chicken IgY could reach 625 at 6th week. Anti-E. tarda IgY
showed to be able to decrease the growth of E. tarda at the concentration of 20%.
Furthermore, IgY also inhanced the survival rate of the A. hydrophila infected
tilapias from 5% to 50% when kept feeding with 50% of egg powder mixed with
comercial fish feed for 3 days after challenge. The survival rate of the E.tarda
infected tilapias were also improved from 25% to 60% and 70% via feeding
with 30% and 50% of egg powder respectively.
