| 摘要: | 塑膠工業為世所周知的行業，擁有眾多的勞工，對於台灣經濟的繁榮具有重大之貢獻。企業界因基於某些專業領域技術、工作效率、受雇成本及彈性等諸多營運需求，常採用承攬作業執行企業之特定作業。因此，整體的勞工安全衛生管理制度，應包括企業主、企業勞工、承攬商及承攬商勞工等共同緊密的結合及承擔，而不可獨缺承攬商及承攬商勞工的安衛管理；同時，承攬商勞工常因具有安衛的警覺性低、困難管理及流動性高等缺點，不僅易造成勞工安衛管理的漏洞及死角，更因而較常發生勞安事故。 因此，承攬作業安全衛生管理對企業及承攬商而言是非常重要的一環，但目前較少或無塑膠大企業的承攬作業安全衛生管理研究發表刊載。本研究因此針對某塑膠大企業嘉義廠區所屬承攬商之安全衛生管理現況與職業災害之關係做研究探討，並提出相關因應之對策。
本研究以「塑膠業承攬商安全衛生管理現況」為研究工具，針對該企業嘉義廠區承攬商進行隨機抽樣調查，共寄出150份問卷，回收有效問卷128份，經以SPSS 12.0版統計套裝軟體分析結果顯示，承攬商員工對勞工安全衛生管理制度及現場各項安全管理措施多數認為重要或非常重要，但仍有部分制度及措施不被重視，分別如下:（1）承攬商對於作業違反安全規定遭業主罰扣工程款之措施，大多數不認同。（2）承攬商考量營運成本不重視業主召集之安全衛生訓練。（3）承攬商為避免影響進度，不贊成業主實施走動式管理及安全訪談。（4）對於現場有立即危險之虞時，承攬商不希望業主要求立即停工。（5）承攬商明火作業安全防護認知不足。
建議該企業:（1）對承攬商之工安預算逐項核實。（2）加強工安稽核並與承攬商協商罰扣替代方案（3）加強工安訓練軟硬體設備、師資，提高承攬商勞工參訓誘因。（4）大型工地建議設置監視系統。（5）加強明火作業安全及交通安全訓練。
Plastics industry is known to be a kind of familiar industry, which has numerous workers, representing a significant component of economic diversification in Taiwan. However, contractors have long been used and accepted in local companies due to the advantages of its specialized field, efficiency, employment cost, and employment flexibility. Therefore, workers, employers and contractors, associated with this industry have a collective responsibility to protect the occupational health and safety. Notwithstanding, many disadvantages have been reported, including the low safety consciousness, hard to manage, and high turnover rate of contractor’s workers. Owing to problems related to the occupational injuries of contractor’s workers, the contractor’s safety and health management system is vital no matter whether for employers or for contractors. However, to our knowledge, there have not been fully reports on the study of contractor’s safety and health management in plastics industry. The aim of this study is therefore to investigate the safety and health management system in Chia-yi plant of a Large Plastics Corporation. In this study, the relationships between the safety and health management system and the occupational injuries have been explored, and optimum system for contractor’s safety and health management established.
This study is to explore the contractor’s safety and health management system in Chia-yi plant of a Large Plastics Corporation and made use of a questionnaire survey to collect data. A total of 150 survey forms are sent out, of which 128 are validly completed and returned. All statistical analyses conducted in this study are performed using a SPSS 12.0 software. The results show that the majority of occupational health and safety management current status are susceptible to contractor’s workers. While, a part of management system is not supported by workers of contractors and can be included as follows: (1) When the contractor’s workers violate the occupational safety and health management system in workplace conditions, the regulation of forfeit is not recognized by contractors. (2) Due to the shortest processing time with low costs, contractors do not approve the training of contracting workers which is gathered by employers. (3) Considering the rate of progress, a management of “walk-the-walk” and an interview of safety are not applauded by contractors. (4) The existence of immediately hazard in workplaces, a lock-out is not promised by contractors. (5) Work with torches is commonly used for industrial process, but safety issues related to its usage have led to a need for specific prevention. In many contractors, however, the level of basic knowledge of the contractors about risks may be lower, increasing the need for the technical expertise.
This study is undertaken to approach the following goals: (1) The budget of contractor’s safety and health management system should be evaluated to ensure that it is effective and appropriate to address specific workplace conditions. (2) The auditing of safety and health management should be reinforced, and the regulation of forfeit should be adjusted in order to obtain the highest effects of management. (3) The increased interest of the participants is of great importance, mainly because employee training should be ensured that everyone understands and is aware of the hazards. (4) Reinforcing the monitored system of large-scale workshop provides information about potential hazards, safety rules, and emergency procedures to employee. (5) Safety and health management of work with torches, as well as training of traffic safety should be reinforced to recognize and promote effective safety management as means of ensuring a safe workplace. |
