| 摘要: | 本研究為了調查台灣中藥材重金屬污染情況，收集自2009年1月至2010年3月間，以中國藥材總公司、大陸藥材貿易商及台灣藥材貿易商之中藥材集散供應商針對白朮、澤瀉、熟地黃、當歸、肉桂、茯苓、川芎、枇杷葉、生地黃及白芷等十種常用中藥材102個樣品，進行鉛、鎘、汞、砷、銅等五種重金屬含量測定之調查。所有樣品皆經由微波消化法前處理後，再以感應耦合電漿放射光譜分析儀進行分析，102個樣品其重金屬分析結果範圍分別為：鉛0.59 ~ 5.22 ppm、鎘0.08 ~ 1.57 ppm、汞0.12 ~ 0.53 ppm、砷0.36 ~ 0.87 ppm、銅2.11 ~ 13.02 ppm。儀器偵測極限分別為鉛8.33×10-3 ppm、鎘8.3×10-4 ppm、汞6.67×10-3 ppm、砷6.67×10-3 ppm、銅8.3×10-4 ppm；於同日間及異日間之精密性評估，其相對標準偏差 (RSDs) 皆低於15%。五種重金屬之平均回收率在90.78 ~ 104.40%之間。以上結果顯示本分析方法之高準確率及高精密度。
本研究並利用Guide of Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement 進行五種重金屬分析方法之量測不確定度評估，評估結果鉛元素之擴充不確定度為0.142ppm，鎘元素之擴充不確定度為0.070ppm，汞元素之擴充不確定度為0.050ppm，砷元素之擴充不確定度為0.064ppm，銅元素之擴充不確定度為0.342ppm。
The purpose of this study is to investigate heavy metal contamination of Chinese medicine materials (CMMs) in Taiwan. Ten commonly used CMMs were collected. They were Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, Rhizoma Alismatis, Radix Rehmanniae Praeparata, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Cortex Cinnamomi, Poria, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Folium Eriobotryae, Radix Rehmanniae and Radix Angelicae Dahuricae. The samples were obtained from the Chinese Herbal Corporation, China Herbal Traders and Taiwan Herbal Traders. A total number of 102 samples were collected from the sources above during Jan. 2009 to March 2010. All samples were first pretreated with microwave digestion. Then, inductively coupled plasma spectrometer was used to determinate the contents of Pb, Cd, Hg, As and Cu. Quantitative analysis was carried out in the range of 0.59 ~ 5.22 ppm for Pb, 0.08 ~ 1.57 ppm for Cd, 0.12 ~ 0.53ppm for Hg, 0.36 ~ 0.87ppm for As, 2.57 ~ 20.36 ppm for Cu. The detection limitations of instrument were determined to be 8.33�10-3 ppm, 8.3�10-4 ppm, 6.67�10-3 ppm, 6.67�10-3 ppm and 8.3�10-4 ppm for Pb, Cd, Hg, As and Cu, respectively. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) derived from the intra-day and inter-day determinations were then used to indicate the analytical precision of the results. The RSDs of results were less than 15% for five heavy metals. The average recovery rates obtained were 90.78~104.40% for five heavy metals. These results have indicated high accuracy and precision of our analytical methods.
In addition, The Guide of Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement was applied to validate uncertainty in measurement for analytical methods of five heavy metals. The results of expanded uncertainty showed that 0.142ppm for Pb, 0.070ppm for Cd, 0.050ppm for Hg, 0.064ppm for As and 0.342ppm for Cu. |
