| 摘要: | 老化會造成身體功能的退化，若伴隨疾病則不但影響健康，更提高失能的機率及降低生活品質，間接影響到老人心理健康及社會參與。培養退休後社會參與的知能，是有助老人成功老化，過去的研究指出，老人社會活動的參與越多，其人際關係較佳，生活滿意度較高，而且健康也較為良好。
本研究的樣本為居住在社區65歲以上的健康老年人，以台南縣市及高雄縣市的部分社區進行調查研究，經訓練後之訪員，到社區收案並以面對面訪視之方式收集資料，每社區抽取100位65歲健康的老年人為訪談對象，樣本數計1100名，樣本實施共計回收為1028名，佔全部樣本數93.5%，有效樣本為995名，佔全部回收樣本數96.8%。
本研究結果發現，65歲以上的社區老年人主要以參與居家靜態活動(95%)為最多，其次為鄰里活動(89%)，居家動態活動(85%)，相對在一些宗親會、同鄉會組織(22%)是社區老人顯少參與的，其次為政商團體組織(24%)及健身活動組織(35%)。另外也發現在性別、年齡、學歷、婚姻狀況、健康狀況、工作型態因素等，都與社區老人社會參與情形之差異達顯著相關；而本研究也發現社區的環境設施，對社區老人社會參與有相當的影響程度。
Aging process will make the physical function declines , which has effect upon the health if that has been pursued by chronic disease. It will not only raise the disability chance but the quality of elderly life also has been reduce, and indirectly affecting their mental health and social participation. To Cultivate the knowledge and ability of social participate after retirement is helpful for the aging successfully.. The past research was indicated that the elder had more participate of social activities, them had better interpersonal relationship ,higher life satisfaction, and they had better health.
The subjects were the over 65,years old’s healthy elders of community, who was live in the six community of Tainan and Kaohsiung area. This study samples was recruited 1,028 persons from the six community, and the data was collected with face to face visits by the training interviews. There were 995 subjects have completed the questionnaire. The respondent rate was 96.8%.
The results showed that the study subjects were mainly participate the household sedentary activities (96%), the next activities were neighborhood activities (89%) and household dynamic activity (86%) respectively. The less participate activities of elders were clan relatives l organizations (22%) , political and business groups (33%) and fitness activities organizations (35%).This study results had showed that the factors of gender, age, education, marital status, health status, and working style, had remark effect to the participation of social activities in elders. At the same time, we found the social circumstance of community would also influence the elders’social activities degree. |
