The intrduction of DNA into bacteria is an essential step in the construction of recombinant strains. Recently, electroporation has revolutionized the transformation of bacteria. Electroporation involves the application of brief high voltage electric discharges to reversibly permeabilize bacterial cells facilitating uptake of DNA. Electroporation is relatively simple and fast. It is frequently the best choice for transferring DNA molecules into bacterial cells. 在細菌遺傳工程上，如何有效地將去氧核醣核酸送入細菌細胞內，是非常重要的。近年來，電孔法在這方面已有重要的突破。電孔法是利用瞬間的高壓放電，在細菌細胞上穿刺出一些暫時性開放的小孔洞，使得去氧核醣核酸，可以經由這些小孔洞進入細胞內。電孔法是一個簡單且迅速的方法，而且電孔法可應用在多數細菌的遺傳工程，是作基因轉移的最佳選擇。
