本研究目的為利用活性碳觸媒氧化法處理豐生製藥公司之廢水，以硫酸亞鐵及氯化銅活化椰殼，製備成高孔隙活性碳觸媒並應用於製藥廢水之觸媒氧化處理，本製藥廠之廢水原液pH値約為1.37~1.77之間；COD值則為470-710 g/L；BOD5值則為414-620g/L，廢水經稀釋200倍後(COD約為2300-3400mg/L)，以硫酸亞鐵與氯化銅活化所製備出之活性碳觸媒與過氧化氫進行氧化降解製藥廢水。研究中以BET、SEM/EDS分析活性碳觸媒之結構特性並藉由COD與BOD5分析污染物氧化降解程度。結果顯示，以不同金屬實驗結果，證明兩者鹽類含浸，經二氧化碳活化後皆具備活化效應，且對於氮氣的吸附曲線呈現了IUPAC的TYPE IV的形式，且結合脫附曲線鐵鹽和銅鹽所產生的遲滯環可分類為IUPAC的H4和H3的型態。另外再將活性碳觸媒配合與過氧化氫應用於製藥廢水的氧化降解，由結果可知，本研究中所製成之活性碳觸媒，以鐵型活性碳觸媒對製藥廢水具有較佳之氧化活性，顯示活性碳上之鐵金屬氧化物對於催化過氧化氫產生自由基效率較高，本研究中鐵型活性碳觸媒的最佳反應條件，氧化程序中製藥廢水之pH值於pH7之條件下，每公升製藥廢水中添加1g鐵型活性碳觸媒、0.1M(10.3 mL/L)之過氧化氫，於反應溫度80℃下可去除製藥廢水中80%之有機分子。過氧化氫添加方式將氧化劑以多次加入之方式將能有效延續自由基存在反應器之時間進而促使污染物能更加一步被氧化降解， The purpose of this investigation is to prepare the porous activated carbon catalysts for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment with discarded coconut shells by using the copper chloride or iron sulfate as the chemical activation agent. The raw pharmaceutical wastewater is characterized by high values of COD (470-710 g/L), pH (1.37-1.77), BOD5 (414-620 g/L). The oxidation reaction was performed after the pharmaceutical wastewater was diluted by 200 times. The BET, SEM-EDS analyses were used to identify the pore properties and morphology characteristics of iron or copper supported activated carbon catalysts, and the oxidative activities of Fe or Cu supported activated carbon catalysts (Fe-AC or Cu-AC) were monitored by determination of COD and BOD5 during the oxidation period. Based on the analysis of N2 adsorption isotherm, it was indicated the Hysteresis loop of Fe- or Cu-ACs were typical TYPE IV. However, the Hysteresis loop of Fe- or Cu-ACs were H4 and H3 based on the analysis of N2 desorption isotherm, respectively. The influent factors on the COD removal of pharmaceutical wastewater in oxidation were considered by wastewater pH, dosage of H2O2 and reaction temperature. The active metal ions on catalysts strongly affect the pore properties and surface area of activated carbon. Superior performance of the Fe-AC catalyst activated by iron sulfate can be obtained with pharmaceutical wastewater at COD concentration of 3,000 mg/L, while the lower COD abatement efficiency was found in Cu-AC catalytic oxidation process. The efficiency of oxidation was mainly limited by the initial pH values of pharmaceutical wastewater, the oxidant concentration and reaction temperature. Increase of the oxidant dosage and the optimal pH and higher reaction temperature could increase the COD removal efficiency of pharmaceutical wastewater. Higher removal of COD was observed with the reaction condition of Fe-AC catalyst (1g/L), 0.1 M H2O2 (10.3 mL/L), pH7 and 80℃. The experimental results also showed that the addition step of hydrogen peroxide strongly dominated the efficiency of COD removal in oxidation. It is suggested that the higher removal of pollutant can be obtained with the multiple-step addition of hydrogen peroxide in the oxidation process. It was concluded that metal type on the catalyst surface, the oxidant concentration, initial pH of pharmaceutical wastewater and reaction temperature played the important roles in the oxidation system.
