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    標題: 外籍配偶子女營養狀況調查
    Investigation of foreign spouse children’s nutritional status
    作者: 傅鈺國
    貢獻者: 林佳蓉
    嘉南藥理科技大學:營養與保健科技研究所
    關鍵字: 體位狀況
    飲食記錄法
    營養狀況
    外籍配偶子女
    Nutrition condition
    Foreign spouse children
    Anthropometric measurement
    Diet record
    日期: 2009
    上傳時間: 2010-04-15 16:47:52 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 國內外籍配偶家庭的子女日益劇增,而幼兒的健康及生長發育與營養息息相關,但目前缺乏外籍配偶子女營養狀況相關資料。本研究目的在探討外籍聯姻家庭幼兒之營養狀況及幼兒飲食與體位狀況。本調查於民國96年10月至98年4月期間對南部地區共60戶之有4-6歲幼兒家庭進行調查,針對南部大陸籍、東南亞外籍聯姻家庭的幼兒及母親,以面對面方式個別訪談。以問卷、體位測量、一天飲食紀錄法等方式收集相關資料,進行資料分析。本研究幼兒主要照顧者61.7%為母親,母親的國籍以中國大陸、東南亞國家各約占一半。母親平均來台約7.3±2.4年。父母親的年齡約相差11歲。父親的教育程度以高中/職占總數46.7%最多,母親的教育程度以國中以下占總數47.0%最多。父母親約有八成以上有全職工作,母親有工作者居多占71.7%。將近60.0%受訪者平均一個月收入在2萬到4萬間。有46.7%的受訪者自覺經濟狀況有困難。家長每天自行料理晚餐的百分比高於其他餐次,負責製備與購買者主要以幼兒母親占大多數。探討幼兒食物攝取量方面,學校攝取的點心以含糖飲料、點心零食類為主;幼兒食物攝取量奶類、蔬菜類低於飲食指南建議量;而父親教育程度、年齡皆對幼兒食物攝取量有顯著影響。而幼兒營養素攝取量方面,男生平均飲食熱量為1198.2±220.5大卡、女生為1123.7±249.0大卡,男生醣類、蛋白質、脂肪攝取量約各占總熱量的50.4%、15.6%、34.2%,女生的為總熱量的50.5%、16.4%、33.4%;男生鈣質、女生鈣質與菸鹼酸攝取量未達75%DRIs(國人膳食營養素參考攝取量);且幼兒80%的鈣質來自學校,家中供給量有待加強。幼兒性別、父母親教育程度、父親年齡、皆對幼兒營養素攝取量有顯著影響。而幼兒飲食頻率方面,父親教育程度與年齡、母親年齡、家庭收入皆對幼兒飲食頻率有顯著差異。共15(25%)名幼兒添加營養補充品,添加營養補充品後,男生鈣平均攝取量由未達75%DRIs,改善為86.7%DRIs;女生的鈣、菸鹼酸平均攝取量由未達75%DRIs,分別改善為87.6%DRIs、116.0%DRIs。體位方面,依據BMI值判斷男生達理想體重占68.0%,女生達理想體重占45.7%;幼兒與家長基本資料、家庭餐點準備狀況、營養補充品服用狀況皆對幼兒身體質量指數無顯著影響;身體質量指數對幼兒磷、維生素A有顯著差異。研究結果以作為相關機構改善外籍聯姻家庭幼兒營養狀況之參考。
    The children of the domestic families of foreign spouse increase rapidly. The children health and growth are closely linked with nutrition, and the related data of the nutrition condition for foreign spouse children is lacking at present. This research aim discussed the nutrition condition, diet and anthropometric status of the children of foreign spouse families. This investigation includes 60 families, with children of 4 to 6 age, in the southern areas of Taiwan, during the period form October 2007 to April 2009, in regard with the children and the mothers from Mainland China and Southeast Asia, by face-to-face interview. Study tools are questionnaires, anthropometric measurement, diet record, so as to collect relevant data and do analysis. In this study, the 61.7% main care-giver of the children is mother, about half from Mainland China, half from Southeast Asia, coming to Taiwan about 7.3�2.4 years on average. The age difference between parents is 11 years. Fathers with educational background of senior high school and vocational school cover 46.7% at most, mothers with education below junior high school 47.0% at most. About over 80% of parents have full-time jobs, mothers with jobs are predominant, covering 71.7%. Nearly 60% of the interviewees have income per month from $20000 to $40000 on average, 46.7% of the interviewees are conscious of their economic difficulties. With regard to home-prepared meals, dinner made every day, by parents in person, has higher percentage than other meals; shopping and making meals majorly by mothers. Concerning the taken amount of the children diet: the dessert taken at school, is mainly sweet beverage and snacks; families seldom supply dairy products. In comparison with food classification and daily food guide, milk and vegetables are slightly insufficient; and father educational background, age have apparent influence on the taken amount of the children. Regarding the taken amount of the children nutriment, the average energy of boy diet is 1198.2�220.5 kilocalories, girl 1123.7�2.0 kilocalories; the taken amount of carbohydrate, protein, fat cover respectively about 50.4%, 15.6%, 34.2% of boy total energy, about 50.5%, 16.4%, 33.4% of girl total energy; boy calcium, girl calcium and niacin have not reached 75% DRIs (the suggested taken amount of nutriment). Also children 80% calcium comes from the school, in the family the supplemental nutrient need enhancement. Children gender, parent educational background, father age all have apparent influence on the taken amount of children nutriment. And children diet frequency, father educational background and age, mother age, family income all cause apparent difference on children diet frequency. There are 15 children have taken supplemental nutrient, after taking it, the average taken amount of boy calcium rises to 86.7% DRIs from the lower 75%; that of girl calcium and niacin respectively up to 87.6 DRIs, 116.0 DRIs from the lower 75 DRIs. As to body weight, judged by BMI value, boy reaching the ideal weight cover 68.0%, girls 45.7%. Children and parent basic data, the condition of family making meals, the condition of taking supplemental nutrient have no apparent influence on children anthropometric status. Body Mass Index (BMI) cause apparent influence on children phosphorus and vitamin A. The result of this study may be used as reference for the related organizations to improve the children nutrition condition of foreign spouse families.
    關聯: 校內一年後公開,校外永不公開,學年度:97, 130 頁
    顯示於類別:[保健營養系(所) ] 博碩士論文

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