| Abstract: | 摘要
本研究主要目的是針對塑膠加工厰之勞工暴露於噪音與電磁場對健康危害相關性研究，基於安全衛生及職業病防止是本研究探討之方向，因此於塑膠加工厰之作業場所，噪音與電磁場之暴露嚴重度調查，對勞工健康影響因素，透過問卷調查及收集勞工健康檢查資料表加以整理，並以統計分析，找出顯著性的相關因子。
本研究對象以兩座塑膠加工厰之作業環境及其勞工為對象，測量廠區機具及人員暴露的噪音與電磁場劑量，量測的儀器，噪音使用1/1及1/3八音度即時音頻分析儀，進行噪音測定，電磁場使用非游離輻射實時間低頻電磁場強度分析儀來測定電磁場強度，問卷調查與健康檢查資料依研究對象分為三組：問卷有高暴露組30人，一般暴露組30人，對照組20人，健檢資料分為，高暴露組47人，一般暴露組47人，對照組30人。將資料加以整理分析，並以描述性統計、t-test檢定，單因子變異數分析(one way ANOVA),Scheffe差異性分析等，以統計方法進行比較差異檢定。
本研究獲得結果顯示現場暴露嚴重度，噪音方面高暴露組平均90分貝以上，一般暴露組平均86分貝以上，頻譜分析之最大音量在，顯著音量範圍2KHz測得98.2分貝，在電磁場強度方面，測得最大平均值(1060mG)，整體以噪音危害較廣泛，分佈整個工廠各角落，而電磁場有超過安全建議值833mG，只有部分機台影響範圍有限，但仍需注意其暴露時間不可過久，而造成傷害，在健康檢查資料以高血壓為顯著性，在問卷調查危害認知方面，噪音防護宣導方面不太明確，只是張貼標示，個人防護具配戴很少，勞工缺乏健康意識，電磁場沒有明顯危害所以防護宣導完全沒有，勞工應該提高危害認知，減少造成傷害，確保安全的工作環境及健康身體。
Abstract
This article aimed at the research of noise and electromagnetic field in the plastic manufacture company which laborers expose to. Based on the safety and health and occupational disease prevention are the directions of this research, so we analyzed the detection of noise and electromagnetic field to which laborers expose in the plastic company scene, laborer health examination field and the questionnaire survey to the staff to find out the relationship between the above two factor of damage and cardiovascular disease.
In this article we measure noise and electromagnetic intensity of machine and laborer exposure in two different plastic factory. This article use immediate audio frequency analyzer with 1/1 and 1/3 octave to measure noise and Non-ionizing radiation real-time low frequency electromagnetism field intensity analyzer to measure electromagnetic intensity.
We distinguish our experiment into three part, including 3 part of questionnaire survey and health examination, the first part of questionnaire survey is high exposure group involving in 30 people, and the second part of questionnaire survey is generally exposure group involving in 30 people and the third is reference group involving in 20 people. On the other side, the first part of health examination is high exposure group involving in 47 people, and the second part of health examination is generally exposure group involving in 47 people and the third is reference group involving in 30 people.
Using statistical methods to examine and compare the resource of the questionnaire survey and the health examination data, such as Descriptive Statistics, Chi-square test, T-Test, One Way Analysis of Variance, Scheffe's test…and so on. After analysis, we obtain the data understood the gravity of problems that is laborer in environmental pollution and harm exposure faces in the operational site.
This research demonstrated that the scene exposed severity, In the noise aspect, high exposure group is average 90 decibels above, generally exposure group is average 86 decibels above, and the biggest volume of spectral analysis is 98.2 decibels, when the frequency range is 2KHz. In the electromagnetism field intensity aspect, we measure the mean value is 1060mG. The noise harm is widespread, and it distribute entire factory all around, and the electromagnetic field has surpasses safe suggestion value 833mG, only few machine , but it must pay attention to its exposed time not to be as long time as possible to causes the damage. In health examination material by Hypertension is a significance, and in the questionnaire survey harm cognition, the noise protection guidance is not too explicit, Every time only posts the indication, very few laborers is in lack of the health consciousness in the personal defense equipment maintenance, the electromagnetic field does not have the obvious harm, therefore the protection guidance does not have completely, laborer should enhance the harm cognition, reduces causes the damage, guarantees the safe working conditions and the healthy body. |
