| 摘要: | 噪音及熱危害普遍存在於某些作業場所，可能危及勞工之安全及健康。噪音不僅會造成勞工聽力損失、影響睡眠品質、妨礙交談與工作效率低落，亦會引起失眠、頭痛、心血管疾病、頭暈與免疫力下降等併發症。此外，作業場所的熱危害可能引起勞工疲勞、熱相關之疾病，以及較多的工安意外事故。本研究之目的為評估玻璃纖維廠勞工同時處於噪音及熱危害雙重暴露對於聽力閾值之影響，並探討聽力損失之相關危險因子。
本研究基於工作單位以往之環境監測資料，以及勞工歷史暴露資料等，經選取監測單位及勞工後，進行噪音及熱危害量測、聽力損失評估，以及勞工疲勞度及煩擾度調查研究。噪音監測方面，分別以環境監測噪音值及勞工個人噪音暴露劑量表示。熱危害監測方面，以環境監測綜合溫度熱指數(WBGT, Wet Bulb Globe Temperature) ，聽力損失評估則以500、1K、2k、3k、4k及6k Hz 處之純音聽力檢查， 藉此評估勞工聽力損失之情況。勞工疲勞度、煩擾度及潛在相關危險因子則施以問卷調查取得資料。
本研究建議玻璃纖維作業勞工雖然環境噪音量低於高噪音行業，但工作人員的聽力損失及噪音對他們所造成的煩擾仍是不可忽視的。
Exposure to excessive noise and heat is commonly encountered in a great varierty of industrial workplaces and can be a hazard to worker's safety and health. Besides workers’ hearing loss, occupational noise exposure also may result in annoyance, quality of sleep, hinder conversation, low work efficiency, insomnia, headache, cardiovascular disease, dizzy and immunological abnormality. Additional, occupational heat exposure may cause fatigue and heat-related illness, make more mistakes, and have more accidents. The objective of this study is to evaluate the hearing threshold shift due to a comination of several factors such as heat stress, workload and noise intensity among workers at glass fiber plant.
Prior to sampling, the employees of the facilities were selected based on previous employee exposure assessments, similarity between work activities, and potentially similar exposures. After collecting the information of workers and buildings, noise measurements, audiometry, annoyance and fatigue assessments were executed. Noise exposure monitoring was examined by sound level meter and dosimeter to determine the environmental noise levels and the noise dose of their workers, respectively. Both area and personal heat stress sampling were performed to assess the wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) values of area , respectively. Moreover, estimation of hearing loss was carried out by pure tone hearing tests at 500, 1k, 2k, 3k, 4k , and 6k Hz. Furthermore, risk factors of noise-induced hearing loss, workers' subjective annoyance and fatigue symptoms were investigated by a constructive questionnaire.
Although the noise level of Glass fiber plant work places is lower than high-noise industries, the hearing loss and the annoyance due to occupational noise cannot be ignored. |
