根據國內研究報告指出民眾處於室內環境的比例大於90%，當室內生物氣膠濃度較高時，呼吸系統方面疾病的比例也逐漸增加。由於台灣四面臨海且位於亞熱帶地區，常年溫度及濕度較高，導致室內生物氣膠濃度偏高。相關的流行病學研究也推論病態建築症候群(SBS)與生物氣膠高濃度有關。有鑑於此，生物氣膠所造成之室內空氣污染問題不容忽視。本研究之目的即是要探討使用低溫高週波電漿是否能有效的控制室內生物氣膠，以期改善室內空氣品質。由於高週波放電電漿是一容易控制、效率高、可靠度高且可以接受處理任何型態的物質之技術，處理成本頗具經濟效益。在衡量電漿技術的優點以及未來將運用在室內生物氣膠的控制上，因此本研究選擇低溫的高週波放電電漿技術來探討控制室內生物氣膠。本計畫將利用氣膠產生器霧化微生物懸浮液以產生生物氣膠；低溫電漿則是由高週波產生器、高週波匹配箱及反應器電極產生。產生之生物氣膠混合乾淨空氣後經過電漿反應區作用，透過生物氣膠採樣培養以及氣膠粒徑分析儀之分析可以計算電漿殺菌效率及濾材之過濾效率。本研究之規劃將分成三年來進行：第一年：先建立低溫高週波電漿系統與生物氣膠控制系統，並探討在不同環境條件下，電漿對各種室內生物氣膠控制效率之影響。第二年：規劃探討室內揮發性有機物甲醛氣體存在時之電漿對生物氣膠控制效率變化，以釐清室內揮發性有機物對電漿系統控制生物氣膠的影響並評估電漿系統同時處理生物氣膠及揮發性有機物之可行性。第三年：規劃電漿系統結合濾材過濾系統，探討生物氣膠經過低溫電漿作用帶電後，對於後續室內空氣微粒控制單元「機械式或靜電式濾材過濾」之微粒過濾效率及機制的影響。本計畫將完成低溫電漿系統對不同生物氣膠控制效率的評估。此外，也將完成不同種類生物氣膠、不同功率、不同操作溫度、不同停留時間、不同過濾表面風速、不同相對濕度等因子對低溫電漿控制生物氣膠的影響，並探討揮發性有機物對電漿殺菌機制之影響以及電漿處理後之生物氣膠帶電量對於濾材過濾去除生物氣膠之效率評估。經過三年計畫完整之研究，計畫成果期能有助於將低溫高週波電漿技術應用於室內環境生物氣膠之控制。 Most people typically spend around 80~90% of their time indoors. The proportion of respiratory diseases increased with bioaerosol concentrations indoors. Higher bioaerosol concentrations were investigated in indoors because of higher temperature and relative humidity all round year in Taiwan. Many epidemiological studies have inferred that sick building syndrome (SBS) was related to bioaerosols. Therefore, it cannot be neglected that the problem of indoor air pollution caused by bioaerosols in Taiwan. The purpose of this research focuses on the usage of low-temperature radio-frequency (RF) plasma to explore the germicidal efficiency for bioaerosols and improve indoor air quality. RF plasma is an easy control, high efficient and good reliable technology that can deal with any type pollutants. The cost by using RF plasma to deal with pollutants has much economic benefits. Therefore, technique of low-temperature RF plasma was selected to control indoor bioaerosols in this study. Polydisperse bioaerosols are generated from a microbial suspension liquid using a Collison Nebulizer. Low-temperatupre RF plasma are generated from RF power, matching box and electrodes of reactors. Bioaerosols are mixed with a clean air and then enter plasma reaction zone to proceed germicidal experiment. The germicidal efficiency and filtration efficiency for bioaerosols were calculated by bioaerosol sampling and cultivation and measuring number concentrations by Aerodynamic Particle Sizer. This research will be divided into three years to carry out. The first year reasearch was to setup the low-temperature RF plasma system and bioaerosol generation system and then explore the germicidal effects of plasma on bioaerosols under different experiment conditions. The second year research was to explore the variations of germicidal efficiency of plasma for bioaerosols under the present of formaldehyde in order to distinguish the effect of indoor volatile organic compound on the germicidal efficient of plasma for bioaerosols. Furthermore, this study also assesses the feasibility of control bioaerosols and volatile organic compounds simultaneously by using RF plasma in the second year. The third year research was to combine plasma and filtration systems to explore the effects of charged bioaerosols on filtration efficiency and mechanisms through particle removal unit which uses mechanical or electrostatic filters. Finally, this study will show the results of the feasibility of disinfect different bioaerosols by using low-temperature RF plasma. Otherwise, the effects of different microbial species, input powers, operation pressures, retention times, surface velocities, and relative humidity on disinfect bioaerosols by RF plasma will be investigated completely in this work. The contributions of disinfect bioaerosols by adding volatile organic compound and the effects of amount of charges on bioaerosols after interaction with plasma on bioaerosol removal efficiency also will be finished in this study. It is expect to understand the disinfect efficiency of bioaerosols by using RF plasma through the three years researches and apply the lower-temperature RF plasma in the field of indoor bioaerosols control.
