| 摘要: | BACKGROUND: Haloperidol, a major tranquilizer, has been found to have a potent antiemetic effect on postoperative ausea and vomiting (PONV), but the prophylactic effect of haloperidol plus dexamethasone on PONV has not been valuated. We evaluated the prophylactic effect of haloperidol plus dexamethasone to either given alone, placebo or operidol on PONV in patients undergoing a laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy.
METHODS: Four hundred adult women (n = 80 in each of five groups) scheduled for a laparoscopic-assisted vaginal ysterectomy were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo, and positive-control study. Fifteen minutes after the nduction of anesthesia, patients received an IV injection of either saline (group S), droperidol 1.25 mg (group D), aloperidol 2 mg (group H), dexamethasone 5 mg (group Dx), or haloperidol 2 mg plus dexamethasone 5 mg (group H + Dx) to prevent PONV. The occurrence of PONV and medication-related side effects were recorded.
RESULTS: The incidences of PONV (0–24 h) in the D (36%), H (37%), Dx (38%), and H + Dx (19%) groups were ignificantly lower than in the S group (65%; P < 0.05 for each comparison). The H + Dx group had the lowest incidence f PONV (19%; P < 0.05 for each comparison) of the five study groups. No differences were found between the D, H, and Dx groups. Also, no differences were found among the five groups in the side effects of QT prolongation, intensity of ostoperative pain, level of sedation, and occurrence of extra-pyramidal symptoms.
CONCLUSION: Prophylactic haloperidol 2 mg plus dexamethasone 5 mg produced a greater reduction in the incidence f PONV than did either drug used alone, placebo or droperidol without increasing perioperative adverse outcomes. |
