| 摘要: | 神經心理學研究的發現，感覺統合及學習障礙的學童，前庭系統功能障礙是主要的核心問題。前庭系統是動作發展的核心，與視覺空間系統、本體肌肉系統和小腦的密切合作，對姿態調整、肌肉張力、身體平衡、空間概念形成、手眼協調動作有相當重要的貢獻。前庭雙側整合失調，是感覺統合失調的重要因素之一，患有前庭雙側整合失調之兒童，生活呈現身體平衡困難、手眼協調不佳、原始反射不良、低肌肉張力及經常出現不自主性的前庭自我剌激行為。另一前庭系統障礙問題稱之為重力不安全，主要是前庭系統反應過度敏感所造成。無論如何，關於影響前庭系統發育的因素相當多。本研究發現孕婦健康狀態，包括飲食健康、抽煙習慣、用藥安全皆會影響日後幼兒前庭系統發育。幼兒照護模式和早期幼兒健康問題也都可直接影響到前庭系統發育。本研究結果顯示，感覺統合失調之前庭系統的敏感度及發育的成熟度直接影響到日後幼兒行為發展。綜合本研究結論，孕婦健康狀態、幼兒照護模式和早期幼兒健康是影響台南地區幼兒前庭系統發展的重要因素。
Recent neuropschological research revealed dysfunction of the vestibular system in significant numbers of children were identified as sensory integration and learning disabled. The vestibular system, together with other visual system, proprioceptive system, and the cerebellum, serves for regulating posture, muscle tone, body equilibrium, spatial orientation, and eye-head coordination. The syndrome of vestibular bilateral integration is partially characterized as poor equilibrium reactions, poor oculomotor control, remnants of primitive postural reflexes, hypotonic muscle tone, and abnormal responses to vestibular stimulation. The other vestibular dysfunction is called gravitational incoordination caused by vestibular hyperactivity. However, a lot of factors can induce dysfunction of vestibular system. Data analysis revealed that mother health during pregnancy, including the safety of foods, smoking, drugs, and the baby care also affected the children’s vestibular development. The findings supported the hypothesis that behavior-impaired children have relatively greater neuropsychological involvement exhibited significantly low or high vestibular activity. In onclusion, the factors of mothers’ health during pregnancy, baby care mode and suitable environmental stimulation affected the sensory integration development, such as sensory motor development deficit children in Tainan. |
