自然水體中若含有大量的磷酸鹽將導致湖泊與河川優養化。本研究利用種植不同本土性水生植物的人工溼地系統與對照組系統，以探討不同植物的溼地系統對磷酸鹽去除效能之比較，以及溫度變化對不同植物的溼地系統去除磷酸鹽之影響。入流目標濃度為磷酸鹽 5 mg P/l。根據一年之操作結果，各系統(水芙蓉、蘆葦、空心菜、水蠟燭、狼尾草、加蓋對照組與不加蓋對照組)之磷酸鹽去除率分別為44%、70%、80%、59%、85%、23%、55%。由實驗結果可以說明，種植植物的溼地系統，其磷酸鹽去除效能均優於加蓋對照組系統，顯示溼地中的植物對於磷酸鹽的去除具有良好的貢獻，然而水芙蓉系統的磷酸鹽去除效能卻低於不加對照組系統，顯示仍須透過植物的採收，才能將磷酸鹽由溼地中移除。另外，比較各系統在夏季與冬季對磷酸鹽之去除效能，顯示溫度變化對於磷酸鹽的去除並無明顯之影響(P>0.05)，夏季的時候，不同植物的溼地之間對磷酸鹽的去除亦無明顯之差異性(P>0.05)，然而在冬季時，不同植物的溼地系統之間則出現明顯之差異性(P=0.0116)，其中以空心菜系統與狼尾草系統在冬季時去除效能最高，而溼地系統的去除效能益明顯高於不加蓋對照組系統(P=0.02407)，顯示不同的植物溼地系統在冬季溫度較低的時候，植物的生長狀況對於對於磷酸鹽的去除會表現出差異性，並且植物的去除效果比藻類優越。 Phosphorous is a common river or lake contaminant in many regions. This contaminant can cause eutrophication in a lake or receiving water body. The purpose of this study is to evaluate that phosphorous removal efficiency in different microcosm wetlands and dffects of different temperatures on phosphorous removal in five Taiwan local macrophytes microcosm wetlands. We set up five macrophytes microcosm wetlands and two control systems unplanted (cover and uncover) and employed to the artificial influent wastewater contain phosphorous at a concentration of about 5 mg L-1. Accrording to the experimental results of all year, we found that the efficiency of all wetland systems can be above 44%. However the efficiency of control system with cover only arrive 23%. It suggests that in addition to phosphorous adsorb by sediment, and uptake by macrophytes in wetlands. However, to get good phosphorous removal efficiency, we still have to select macrophytes in wetlands. Additionally, we found the variation of temperature is not significantly effective to the efficiency of phosphorous removal in macrophytes microcosm wetlands and control systems. In summer, it is not significant in phosphorous removal among five macrophytes microcosm wetlands and control systems (P>0.05). However, in winter, it is significant in phosphorous removal among five macrophytes microcosm wetlands (P=0.0116). It suggests that different macrophytes with different growing rate in winter, and obtain different phosphorous uptake rate.
