纖維球過濾器應用在廢水處理之驗證及缺點改進之研究

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標題:	纖維球過濾器應用在廢水處理之驗證及缺點改進之研究 Wastewater treatment by fiber-ball filter － Effectiveness verification and shortcomings improvement
作者:	劉俊明 Chun-Ming Liu
貢獻者:	林秀雄嘉南藥理科技大學：環境工程與科學系碩士班
關鍵字:	污水處理纖維球過濾器反洗 filter back-washing wastewater treatment fiber ball
日期:	2008
上傳時間:	2009-03-11 11:42:35 (UTC+8)
摘要:	深層過濾技術是大多數廢水處理的流程中佔很重要地位的角色，目前大多採用多介質過濾器，但因其濾材沿水流方向的反粒度排列，使濾速、過濾效率、截污量都難以充分發揮過濾的效能。本研究針對一種新型的深層快速過濾裝置─纖維球過濾器，具有濾速高、截污能力大的優點，為污水二級處理的優良過濾器，但纖維球過濾器也存在反沖洗不易乾淨或纖維球易破碎的缺點。針對該型過濾器的過濾材質--纖維球製作及反清洗設備構件裝設之研究，以改進此種過濾器的缺點，增進系統運轉的效能。實驗結果顯示，纖維球之最佳製作方式，以機械捆綁所製成的可逹到所需過濾效能，逆洗時能獲得較佳之洗淨效果，及降低製作成本。濾料的裝填量以至少需120 kg/m ，才能發揮過濾截污效果，過濾前需以較大的進水壓力先將纖維球壓實，壓力值要大於2.5 kgf/cm 以上，過濾時的產水水質可達濁度1 NTU以下。逆洗的方式需先以逆向進水將濾層抬起，然後再以氣、水聯合沖洗，重覆約4~5次後可完成逆洗過程，耗水量只有0.12%，過濾器內部的高度則建議以纖維球的自然高度（未施壓時）的二分之三倍為佳，使纖維球在過濾器內有足够的空間漂洗，增加逆洗的效果。因纖維球含水後及球心的積泥增加球的比重，球會沉在底部，所以欲更換濾材時，以下方出口可快速排出濾材，吸入時則從上方入口吸入。過濾器的設計，在更換濾料時無需以人工開啟過濾器，只需透過幾個閥門的開及關即能將纖維球濾料自動排出及吸入，降低人工更換濾料的成本及時間。過濾設備可加裝PLC自動控制系統，完成全自動化過濾流程，使過濾設備可以應用在實廠操作運用，提高產水量，降低設備成本。 Fiber filter has the predominance of high filtering velocity, high contaminants removal capability and high treated-water quality over the traditional filter setups. Among various filter filters, the fiber-ball filter, a kind of new fast filter for depth filtration, is the most promising for proceeding secondary-wastewater treatment. Nonetheless, the fiber ball filter has some shortcomings, such as backwashing difficulty and higher tendency of smashing when it is washed. Therefore this proposal aimed at developing mechanical method of manufacturing durable fiber ball, as well as exploring suitable operating conditions, including filtration process and backwashing process. Afterwards, an automatic operating system is also offered. The ultimate goal of this plan is to popularize the fiber-ball filter to achieve the water-saving objective. According to the result of experiment ,the best way to make fiber ball is tied it with machinery that enable to obtain necessary efficiency of filtration, it can achieve better result of cleaning while backwashing, and reduce the cost of manufacture. The load of material needs 120 kg/m at least that could show the result of filter high contaminants removal capability. It is needed more entering water pressure to compress fiber balls tightly before filtering to produce. The pressure value should be greater than more than 2.5 kgf/cm . The turbidly of yielded water quality can be reduce under 1 NTU while filtering. The way of backwash must lift layer up with reverse entered water first and then both water and compress air wash jointly. Repeat that about 4~5 times that will finish the backwash process. It use washing water only 0.12%. It is better that the height of filter proposed with natural height of fiber balls (when not exerting pressure) 3/2 time. It have sufficient space to wash fiber balls in filter to increase efficiency of backwash . Because fiber ball containing moisture and ball center accumulating mud that increase specific weight of the ball. It will sink to the bottom. So, it want to change the material that can discharge from upper entry tube and from lower one to suck in. The design of the fiber-ball filter that do not need opening the filter artificially while changing the material. The fiber ball is discharged and sucked automatically just to turn on and off several valve. It will reduce cost and time that to change the material artificial. The filter plant can install PLC automatic control system to complete the full-automatically procedure that make the filter plant can be applied to the real factory and operated. Improve yield of water and reduce the cost of equipment.
關聯:	校內馬上公開，校外一年後公開
顯示於類別:	[環境工程與科學系(所)] 博碩士論文

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